Sociopolitical Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sociopolitical Paper - Essay Example vel will require to utilize a great deal of time and assets in contemplating the advantages and disadvantages of the vehicle and much additional time in changing the current street wellbeing laws and figuring new ones on assembling, creation just as dispersion. This will prompt political ramifications both negative and positive. The car business proprietors will likewise need to get new assembling hardware, look for researchers and programming technocrats to introduce the innovation or utilize billions in buying the innovation from Google with the profits not being felt for a few additional years. The primary clients need to cause the significant expense of creation through the significant expense of the vehicles. The effects are satisfactory. The future partners are the purchasers and the car businesses that need to endure and meet the significant expenses of creation just as the laws evolving. Be that as it may, despite the fact that the underlying expenses might be high, the profits over the long haul will be justified, despite all the trouble with the various advantages these vehicles are promising to bring to the human age. The legislature will undoubtedly embrace the innovation in light of the fact that in the long it will spare lives and billions of dollars in street fixes and other framework that are continually harmed by street mishaps, it will set aside on cash utilized when drivers are captured and charged for criminal traffic offense among offenses according to vehicles and streets. The shoppers will embrace as it will set aside on protection cash, costs of vehicle fix and criminal traffic offense just as letting individuals text while as yet driving. At the point when individuals embrace the innovation and view its preferences, different partners will profit in expanded benefit through large scale manufacturing because of appeal. The architects are worried about making the vehicle as sheltered as conceivable as their principle point is to lessen the human misfortune and medical issue realized by mishaps. The specialists are thusly worried about including however many wellbeing highlights as could be expected under the circumstances while simultaneously guaranteeing the cost won't be excessively

Of Ambition Essay Example For Students

Of Ambition Essay Aspiration resembles choler; which is an amusingness that maketh men dynamic, sincere, brimming with cheerful readiness, and mixing, in the event that it be not halted. In any case, in the event that it be halted, and can't have his direction, it becometh adust, and consequently defame and venomous. So aspiring men, in the event that they discover the route open for their rising, and still get forward, they are preferably occupied over hazardous; however on the off chance that they be checked in their wants, they become furtively discontent, and view men and matters with a stink eye, and are best satisfied, when things move in reverse; which is the most noticeably awful property in a worker of a ruler, or state. In this manner it is useful for sovereigns, on the off chance that they utilize driven men, to deal with it, so as they be as yet dynamic and not retrograde; which, since it can't be without burden, it is acceptable not to utilize such natures by any means. For in the event that they rise not with their administration, they will take request, to make their administration fall with them. In any case, since we have stated, it were acceptable not to utilize men of goal-oriented natures, with the exception of it be upon need, it is fit we talk, in what cases they are of need. Great commandants in the wars must be taken, be they never so yearning; for the utilization of their administration, dispenseth with the rest; and to take a warrior without aspiration, is to pull off his prods. There is likewise extraordinary utilization of aggressive men, in being screens to sovereigns in issues of peril and jealousy; for no man will take that part, aside from he resemble a seeled dove, that mounts and mounts, since he can't see about him. There is use likewise of yearning men, in pulling down the enormity of any subject that over-tops; as Tiberius utilized Marco, in the pulling down of Sejanus. Since, along these lines, they should be utilized in such cases, there resteth to talk, how they are to be harnessed, that they might be less hazardous. There is less peril of them, in the event that they be of mean birth, than if they be respectable; and on the off chance that they be fairly unforgiving of nature, than generous and well known: and on the off chance that they be somewhat new raised, than developed shrewd, and sustained, in their enormity. It is tallied by nearly, a shortcoming in sovereigns, to have top picks; yet it is, of all others, the best cure against eager extraordinary ones. For when the method of pleasuring, and displeasuring, lieth by the top choice, it is unimaginable some other ought to be overgreat. Another way to control them, is to adjust them by others, as pleased as they. Be that as it may, at that point there must be some center instructors, to keep things consistent; for without that stabilizer, the boat will roll excessively. In any event, a sovereign may enliven and inure some meaner people, to be in a manner of speaking scourges, to aspirations men. With respect to the having of them unpleasant to destroy; on the off chance that they be of dreadful natures, it might progress admirably; however on the off chance that they be strong and challenging, it might encourage their plans, and demonstrate perilous. Concerning the pulling of them down, if the undertakings require it, and that it may not be finished with wellbeing unexpectedly, the main way is the trade, consistently, of favors and disfavors; whereby they may not recognize what's in store, and be, in a manner of speaking, in a wood. Of desire, it is less unsafe, the aspiration to win in incredible things, than that other, to show up in all things; for that breeds disarray, and defaces business. Be that as it may, yet it is less risk, to have an aspiring man mixing in business, than extraordinary in conditions. He that seeketh to be prominent among capable men, hath an incredible errand; however that is ever useful for the general population. .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26 , .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26 .postImageUrl , .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26 , .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26:hover , .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26:visited , .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26:active { border:0!important; } .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26:active , .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26:hover { haziness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content beautification: underline; } .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content adornment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } . udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .udeeb8eb803d6012887ef46b57720de26:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The nuclear bomb EssayBut he, that plots to be the main figure among figures, is the rot of an entire age. Respect hath three things in it: the vantage ground to do great; the way to deal with rulers and head people; and the raising of a keeps an eye on own fortunes. He that hath the best of these expectations, when he aspireth, is a legitimate man; and that sovereign, that can perceive of these aims in another that aspireth, is an insightful ruler. For the most part, let rulers and states pick such clergymen, as are more reasonable of obligation than of rising; and, for example, love business rather upon heart, t han upon courage, and let them perceive a bustling nature, from a willing brain.

2016-17 University of North Carolina (UNC) Essay Prompts

2016-17 University of North Carolina (UNC) Essay Prompts The 2016-17 UNC Essay Prompts Are Out! The 2016-17 UNC Essay Prompts Are Out! The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is always among the first American universities to release its supplemental essay prompts, and this year is no exception. As a forerunner in the college application release pack, UNCs prompts can often help set the tone for what to expect from other schools. Last year, the array of prompts asked students a range of questions from the straightforward community essay prompt to the quirky prompt that asked applicants to imagine their own TED Talks, leading the pack of offbeat  questions that were to follow from other schools. The 2016-17 UNC essay prompts tell a slightly different story. With fewer options to choose from, applicants will be asked to examine the deepest recesses of their character, their hopes, and their dreams. It seems that perhaps the new Coalition Application has also helped set the tone for this years application cycle, with its touted focus on meaningful community contributions over flashier extracurriculars. You can preview the 2016-17 UNC essay prompts below and get additional information on the official admissions blog. 2016-17 UNC Essay Prompts Tell us a story that helps us better understand a person, place, or thing you find inspiring. What do you hope will change about the place where you live? Tell us about a small goal you hope to achieve, whether in the next 10 days, 10 months, or 10 years. What will be the best breakthroughâ€"whether scientific, social, economic, or otherâ€"between now and 2025? We will be keeping an ear to the ground for more supplemental prompt releases, so stay tuned and subscribe to our newsletter for more up-to-the-minute updates! About Thea HogarthView all posts by Thea Hogarth »

I Am Familiar With American History - 1475 Words

Since my earlier years, I have always had a picture in my mind of the Native Americans sitting at the table and feasting with the Euro-American colonists. It would seem that the two relatively different nations were cordial and warm. Being that I am familiar with American History, names such as Squanto, Hobbamock or Massasoit are rather familiar. Sometime between 1620, when the Plymouth Colony came to be and the outbreak of the first wars with the Native American inhabitants, is frequently understood as a period of reciprocated understanding and peace on the human and individual level. Although not covered in our readings, there are such names as Uncas or Phillip that are usually associated with devastation and war, rather than alliance and harmony. It is apparent that the associations between the Native Americans and Euro-American colonists were far more multifaceted and vibrant than it appeared from the attractive oversimplification of some periodicals and cinemas. When the first colonist came to the shores of the New Land, they did not enter a vacant virgin land. The land had been the home to many Native Americans with their own flourishing civilizations and antiquity. For thousands and thousands of years, the Natives had managed to keep up their distinctive way of life and philosophy and to earn their keep without the benefits of European advances. Obviously, the arrival of the Europeans meant a radical adjustment for the Natives. Together with illness, whichShow MoreRelatedWhat Are The Three Most Important Things You Learned This Fall?954 Words   |  4 Pagesimportant things I learned this Fall are be familiar with the campus environment, joining the campus actives, knowing the rules about the OU plagiarism. Those three things helped me to know about the college I am studying in, and helped me to be prepared for the future studying on main campus. 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I have also struggled to become aware of it being an issue for other individuals, but that does not mean that there are not issues that exist because in fact, there are. Prior to taking this course, I honestly have not thought ofRead MoreA Report On The Classroom1335 Words   |  6 Pagesthat students are taking. I finally got my email and password. During Study Hall, I can go on and do electronic work. Another big thing to mention is that I am doing more on PowerSchool, but that is not the most exciting event. It is gotten to the point where I can name  ¾ of all the students in the classes by name! Today, the teacher was playing some sections about George Washington from the tv series about the American Presidents. I have also been getting more familiar with the file cabinet forRead MoreJournal of My Two Live704 Words   |  3 PagesJhumpa Lahiri’s essay, My Two Live, I got that the author, as an Indian-American, tried to define herself throughout her whole life. The changing of her feeling for her identity and the death of her parents and her bicultural experience changed her feeling for her identity from humiliating to confusing to accepting to cherishing. Lahiri wanted convey us that the bicultural things can be seen as a shifting equation and she used â€Å"one plus one† for instances. Basically, I agree with her notion. However,Read MoreWhat Makes A Person American?1081 Words   |  5 PagesFrom our own eyes, we can see the changes America had gone through everyday. The history of America is a giant textbook; almost impossible to complete in a semester of history class. America had stood of her own ideologies since the day she became a country. Like every country in the world, people have controversial opinions on this land. Some felt America has the best value of all; while some felt like America didn’t lived up to her promises. America is a country that has grown more complicated

Ann Richards Quotes

Ann Richards was governor of Texas from 1991-1995. When Ann Richards was elected State Treasurer in 1982, she was the first woman elected to statewide office in Texas since Ma Ferguson. Richards was reelected in 1986, unopposed, and then ran for governor in 1990. She came to national prominence with a keynote speech at the 1988 Democratic National Convention. In her 1994 reelection campaign, she lost to George W. Bush, the son of the presidential candidate shed skewered in 1988. Selected Ann Richards Quotations †¢ Im not afraid to shake up the system, and the government needs more shaking up than any other system I know. †¢ I have very strong feelings about how you lead your life. You always look ahead, you never look back. †¢ The here and now is all we have, and if we play it right its all well need. †¢ I have always had the feeling I could do anything and my dad told me I could. I was in college before I found out he might be wrong. †¢ They blame the low income women for ruining the country because they are staying home with their children and not going out to work. They blame the middle income women for ruining the country because they go out to work and do not stay home to take care of their children. †¢ I feel very strongly that change is good because it stirs up the system. †¢ I did not want my tombstone to read, She kept a really clean house. I think Id like them to remember me by saying, She opened government to everyone. †¢ Ive always said that in politics, your enemies cant hurt you, but your friends will kill you. †¢ Teaching was the hardest work I had ever done, and it remains the hardest work I have done to date. †¢ Let me tell you, sisters, seeing dried egg on a plate in the morning is a lot dirtier than anything Ive had to deal with in politics. †¢ Power is what calls the shots, and power is a white male game. †¢ If you think taking care of yourself is selfish, change your mind. If you dont, youre simply ducking your responsibilities. †¢ Im really glad that our young people missed the Depression, and missed the great big war. But I do regret that they missed the leaders that I knew. Leaders who told us when things were tough, and that we would have to sacrifice, and these difficulties might last awhile. They didnt tell us things were hard for us because we were different, or isolated, or special interests. They brought us together and they gave us a sense of national purpose. [1988 keynote address, Democratic National Convention] †¢ I have a real soft spot in my heart for librarians and people who care about books. †¢ You can put lipstick and earrings on a hog and call it Monique, but its still a pig. †¢ Women elected Bill Clinton this time. He acknowledges it, the country acknowledges it, and the columnists acknowledge it, and when you have that kind of political clout, you can effect change and do it well. And Im real proud to have been a part of that. †¢ I get a lot of cracks about my hair, mostly from men who dont have any. †¢ Let me tell you that I am the only child of a very rough-talking father. So dont be embarrassed about your language. Ive either heard it or I can top it. †¢ The public does not like you to mislead or represent yourself to be something youre not. And the other thing that the public really does like is the self-examination to say, you know, Im not perfect. Im just like you. They dont ask their public officials to be perfect. They just ask them to be smart, truthful, honest, and show a modicum of good sense. †¢ I believe in recovery, and I believe that as a role model I have the responsibility to let young people know that you can make a mistake and come back from it. †¢ There is a lot more to life than just struggling to make money. †¢ I thought I knew Texas pretty well, but I had no notion of its size until I campaigned it. †¢ Women, it was painfully clear, werent going to be allowed to use their brains and I certainly wanted to use mine. †¢ [Ive] been tested by fire and the fire lost. †¢ I hope all the WASP present and past will fly high on wings of our pride in their service ... you have my profound gratitude for the legacy you have given to us and the legacy you pass on to young women today. [about the Women Airforce Service Pilots] †¢ I believe Mama would have liked to have had more children, but times were hard and I was the only one. Daddy had the fear -- maybe that fear is indigenous to the Depression generation -- that he wouldnt be able to afford all the things he wanted to give me, and he wanted to give me everything hed never had. So they never had another child. †¢ Poor George, he cant help it. He was born with a silver foot in his mouth. [1988 keynote address, Democratic National Convention] †¢ I am delighted to be here with you this evening because after listening to George Bush all these years, I figured you needed to know what a real Texas accent sounds like. [1988 keynote address, Democratic National Convention] †¢ On How to Be a Good Republican: [excerpts] You have to believe that those privileged from birth achieve success all on their own.You have to be against all government programs, but expect Social Security checks on time.You have to believe...everything Rush Limbaugh says.You have to believe society is color-blind and growing up black in America doesnt diminish your opportunities, but you still wont vote for Alan Keyes.You have to be against government interference in business until your oil company, corporation or Savings and Loan is about to go broke and you beg for a government bailout.You have to believe a poor, minority student with a disciplinary history and failing grades will be admitted into an elite private school with a $1,000 voucher. †¢ Most of all, I remember those children in the classrooms and those kids who grabbed me around the knees, and I think of the old people who really need a voice when theyre trapped in wheelchairs in dirty nursing homes. The person in this office really must have a conscience to know that how they direct this government dramatically affects the lives of those people. †¢ Jill Buckley on Ann Richards: Shes sort of the female good old boy. †¢ You paid the price to some degree. You lost the governorship of Texas because this country still is a little bit schizoid, isn’t it, about the role of women in American politics? [1996 question of newsman Tom Brokaw to Ann Richards] More Womens Quotes: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Explore Womens Voices and Womens History Womens Voices - About Womens QuotesBiographies of WomenToday in Womens HistoryWomens History Home About These Quotes Quote collection assembled by Jone Johnson Lewis. Each quotation page in this collection and the entire collection  © Jone Johnson Lewis. This is an informal collection assembled over many years. I regret that I am not able to provide the original source if it is not listed with the quote. Citation information:Jone Johnson Lewis. Ann Richards Quotes. About Womens History. URL: http://womenshistory.about.com/od/quotes/a/ann_richards.htm . Date accessed: (today). (More on how to cite online sources including this page)

Open Ended and Closed Ended Funds Free Essays

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN OPEN-ENDED AND CLOSED-ENDED FUND OPEN END FUND DEFINATION A type of mutual fund that does not have restrictions on the amount of shares the fund will issue. If demand is high enough, the fund will continue to issue shares no matter how many investors there are. Open-end funds also buy back shares when investors wish to sell. We will write a custom essay sample on Open Ended and Closed Ended Funds or any similar topic only for you Order Now CLOSED END FUND DEFINATION A type of fund with a fixed number of shares outstanding, and one which does not redeem shares the way a typical mutual fund does. Closed-end funds behave more like stock than open-end funds: closed-end funds issue a fixed number of shares to the public in an initial public offering, after which time shares in the fund are bought and sold on a stock exchange, and they are not obligated to issue new shares or redeem outstanding shares as open-end funds are. The price of a share in a closed-end fund is determined entirely by market demand, so shares can either trade below their net asset value (â€Å"at a discount†) or above it (â€Å"at a premium†) also called closed-end investment company or publicly-traded fund. The main differences between these funds are; Open-ended funds buy and sell units on a continuous basis and hence allow investors to enter and exit as per their convenience. The units can be purchased and sold even after the initial offering (NFO) period (in case of new funds). Under closed-ended funds their unit capital is fixed and they sell a specific number of units. Unlike in open-ended funds, investors cannot buy the units of a closed-ended fund after its NFO period is over. This means that new investors cannot enter, nor can existing investors exit till the term of the scheme ends. However, to provide a platform for investors to exit before the term, the fund houses list their closed-ended schemes on a stock exchange. The units of an open-ended fund are bought and sold at the net asset value (NAV) CEFs do not have to deal with the expense of creating and redeeming shares, they tend to keep less cash in their portfolio and they need not worry about market fluctuations to maintain their â€Å"performance record†. Closed end fund prices are determined by supply and demand and not by asset value. Therefore the market price might be greater than or less than the share NPV. The number of outstanding units of a closed-ended fund does not change as a result of trading on the stock exchange. Apart from listing on an exchange, these funds sometimes offer to buy back the units, thus offering another avenue for liquidity regulations ensure that closed-ended funds provide at least one of the two avenues to investors for entering or exiting. On the other hand the number of outstanding units in open-ended fund goes up or down every time the fund house sells or repurchases the existing units. This is the reason that the unit capital of an open-ended mutual fund keeps varying. The fund expands in size when the fund house sells more units than it repurchases as more money is flowing in. The closed-ended funds are free from the worry of regular and sudden redemption and their fund managers are not worried about the fund size. However, open-ended fund have outperformed the closed-ended funds comprehensively. In open-ended funds risk depends on the quality and the kind of portfolio you invest in. One unique risk to open funds is that they may be subject to inflows at one time or sudden redemptions, which leads to a spurt or a fall in the portfolio value, thus affecting your returns. Also, some funds invest in certain sectors or industries in which the value of the in the portfolio can fluctuate due to various market forces, thus affecting the returns of the fund. Investing in closed-end funds is more appropriate for seasoned investors. Depending on their investment objective and underlying portfolio, closed-ended funds can be fairly volatile, and their value can fluctuate drastically. Shares can trade at a hefty discount and deprive you from realizing the true value of your shares. Since there is no liquidity, investors must buy a fund with a strong portfolio, when units are trading at a good discount, and the stock market is in position to rise. Open ended funds do not have the flexibility to borrow against their assets thus they cannot use leverage as part of their investment strategy. Close end fund on the other hand have flexibility to borrow against their assets allowing them to use leverage as part of their investment strategy. Closed-end mutual funds continuously trade on the open stock market throughout the day. The prices of these funds are continually shifting to meet supply and demand. On the other hand, open-end mutual funds recalculate their share price once per day when the stock market closes and the value of its underlying stock assets are recalculated. Therefore, investors can buy and sell their shares based on the price of the open-ended mutual fund at the close of the previous business day, when the NAV was recalculated. Closed-ended fund shares can be traded at any time during market opening hours. On the other hand open-end fund can usually be traded only at a time of day specified by the managers, and the dealing price will usually not be known in advance. REFERENCES. Russell Ray. An introduction to Mutual Funds worldwide. 2007 Tripathy P. Mutual Funds : Emerg How to cite Open Ended and Closed Ended Funds, Essay examples

Nuclear Bomb Essays - Atomic Bombings Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki

Nuclear Bomb Technology is a great thing, it aids man in the exploration of the universe, and himself. But there are times when technology can be the greatest downfall of man. One such time was when the creation of the nuclear bomb. Which was to be used in the Was in efforts to end it. In 1939, a group of scientists, including Albert Einstein, wrote a letter to President Roosevelt to warn of the Nazi s effort to purify Uranium-235, which would be used in the creation of a bomb of mass-destruction. This prompted the president to create the Manhattan Project, the code-name for a top-secret project which would put the world s most brilliant scientists together to create a bomb. In 1942 General Leslie Grove was chosen to lead the project. He purchased a site at Oak Ridge, Tenn. For facilities to work on extracting Uranium 235. For the next 3 years nearly 200,000 people, working in 40 factories, worked 6 days a week, usually for 18 hour days in order to finish the project. In 1945, President Truman had received some unsettling news, the bombs had been finished. 3 bombs had been produced, and it was time to test them to see if they had been successful in creating a nuclear weapon. The government had chosen a site in New Mexico called the Trinity Testing Site in Alamogordo. On July 16th, They conducted the first Nuclear Bomb testing. They had proved that the bombs were usable, now the had to decide whether or not to drop the bomb. The scientists who created the bomb, started to realize that the had created something that would change the world as they knew it. The began to urge the president not to drop the bomb in Japan, but instead to show Japanese officials what would happen if the bomb was to be dropped on their country. Truman was against this because he had no idea if the other two bombs would work if the were to be dropped. So, Truman had to chose whether to drop the bomb, or show the effects of it. Truman knew that a full-scale invasion of Japan, in order to end the war, was to dangerous because of the possibility for severe American casualties. Truman had weighed the issues and decided to drop the 1st bomb on Hiroshima, Japan. On August 6th 1945, a plane named the Enola Gay, flew over Hiroshima and at 8:15 am one minute after the Little Man was dropped the plane, 2,000 feet above the ground, the 1st casualties of the Nuclear Age were becoming statistics. Within milli-seconds anyone within a mile of the blast was vaporized. Large Buildings and human beings around the city were being destroyed by extremely high temperatures and winds produced from the explosion (The Atom Bomb, Internet). A bright light filled the plane, wrote Lt. Col. Paul Tibbets, the pilot of the Enola Gay. We turned back to look at Hiroshima. The city was hidden by that awful cloud...boiling up, mushrooming. For a moment, no one spoke. Then everyone was talking. Look at that! Look at that! Look at that! exclaimed the co-pilot, Robert Lewis, pounding on Tibbets's shoulder. Lewis said he could taste atomic fission; it tasted like lead. Then he turned away to write in his journal. My God, he asked himself, what have we done? It is believed that more than 140,000 people died by the end of the year (Ohba, Benson) One girl, whos opinion was shared by other Japanese, said No matter how much I think of it, what a nasty horrible atom bomb! What was the war fought for? Many Were Killed, For Peace, they said, but where is this peace (Osada)? The massive effects of the bomb was not enough for the emperor of Japan to sign a peace treaty. So Truman ordered the second bomb, named Fat Man to be dropped on Nagasaki, Japan. The blast produced a blast greater than the one in Hiroshima, but due to the geographic structure of the city, the bomb did less damage. It was less damage, but it still managed to kill an estimated 70,000 people by the end of the year(Ohba, Benson). The second

Impact of Information Technology on Education essays

Impact of Information Technology on Education essays When I was informed that I was going to speak about I.T., I felt excited and apprehensive at the same time. Excited, because this is a subject that is very close to my heart and which I strongly advocate. Apprehensive, because I am not sure if I will be able to effectively share with you the impact technology has on learning. But I guess I will never know unless I try. What I am about to present today is a result of the countless hours I spent on the Internet. Actually, I was supposed to discuss mutli-media instruction only, but I believe that multi-media is only one of several technology tools available for us now. And these is collectively called as Information Technology. So for starters, let me present to you a simple definition of Information Technology: I.T. is the process of using technology in all forms to present information to a target audience. Video recorder, players and televisions Now I am sure that all of us, in our years as college instructors have, in one way or another, used at least one of the technology listed here. Technology is being used in education as a tool for learning, collaboration, curriculum development, and staff development. Technology is a very powerful tool. But how do we know that were making the best use of technology? How can we be sure that were using technology to support what we know about how students learn best? How can we make sure that technology supports engaged learning? Learning according to modern definition, is determined by how well students perform on standardized tests. To be able to meet the demands of present times, a new definition of learning is required. According to the North Central Regional Educational Laboratory, researchers and traditional reformers have shifted from traditional defini ...

Knowin When to Hold em

Knowin When to Hold em Now I’ll be the first to admit I don’t know a thing about poker. If Kenny Rogers hadn’t sung â€Å"The Gambler†, I wouldn’t even know about holdin’ and foldin’. But one thing I do know, there’s a time to submit my works and there’s a time to â€Å"hold† ‘em. And I know that because I came close to lettin’ go at the wrong time. Twenty and excited about entering a radio station’s poetry contest, I rushed through the rules, eager to start writing. All night I lost myself in the narrator, an elderly lady on her porch reliving memories. I chuckled watching the children grow from playing to courting on the porch, I cried seeing the now-empty porch, and rejoiced picturing future reunions on the porch. The next morning, ready to mail my entry, I read the rules again and froze. I’d overlooked â€Å"Whether or not your poem wins, it will become the property of the radio station.† Whoa! With little chance of winning, I could never submit my poem anywhere else or use it myself? Disappointed, I slipped it in a drawer where it stayed for 15 years until I resigned as college professor to enter full time the field of writing and speaking. For my first tour, I retyped the poem on a more modern typewriter and had 100 copies made on plain white paper.  The first evening, in costume as story teller, I quoted a bit of the poem and following as myself, mentioned it would be available afterward. I’d laid out 25 copies with a sign, â€Å"Poems: Donation of any size† and while greeting folks heard a yell, â€Å"Go get more poems!† Already all 25 had sold! I hurriedly brought in 25 more only to hear in another few minutes, â€Å"Go get the rest of the poems!† Except for two to use for copying along the way, all had sold. It was the same each place on the two-week tour. Back home I chose a ream of quality buff-colored faux parchment paper and learned if I’d wait a few days until the store used dark brown ink, the printing could be done commercially for less money. From then on, whether driving or being flown I’ve taken the poems, although Folks want to take something home from an event but not everyone can buy our books or DVD’s. Smaller printed or craft items make buying possible for those who can’t and lagniappe for those who can. (Lagniappe [lan’ yap], an oft-used term here in Southeastern Louisiana meaning â€Å"a little something extra†.) If I’d entered that early contest and won, I’d have received eight copies of a cheap magazine with few readers. BUT, Glad I decided â€Å"No† to â€Å"sold† and â€Å"Yes† to â€Å"hold†!

The Unlikely Secret Agent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Unlikely Secret Agent - Essay Example Eleanor is commemorated today as a heroine in the fight of South African people against the apartheid system. This essay tries to analyze Eleanor’s involvement in the anti-apartheid movement, particularly the reasons she decided to take part in the struggle in the first place. Eleanor, as a Scottish-South African militant against the apartheid system, built ANC chambers in Scotland and criticized the UK government’s operations in Africa. In the 1960s, she met her husband after becoming a member of the ANC clandestine group. She â€Å"shared his life on the run from the security forces and in exile in Britain† (Cape Times 5). She was imprisoned without due process. Imprisoned in 1963 she fled from imprisonment and left the country secretly. Eleanor was twenty-five when law enforcers started shooting and killing protesters demanding equality and justice for black South African people, in an event that was infamously called the Sharpeville Massacre. Shocked and revolted, Eleanor took part in the Congress of Democrats, which was affiliated with the ANC, and was one of the female pioneers of the Spear of the Nation (Cape Times 5). Kasrils’s book is a heartwarming, but gripping tribute to his wife of enormous values, talent, and bravery. She was one of the very few white South Africans to secretly take part in the struggle at a time when the ANC had instigated a movement of, exactly, fiery opposition to the racially prejudiced apartheid system. Her opposition to this system and resistance to its violence and injustice were downright courageous. The tale of Eleanor, similar to the tale of the anti-apartheid campaign in general, is emotional, inspiring and remains significant. As Eleanor’s extraordinary story begins in 1963, the White system is under attack and South Africa is facing an imminent disaster. On the 15th of August, the feared security

Personal Opinion on the Palsgraf Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal Opinion on the Palsgraf Case - Essay Example Therefore, Palsgraf brought forward a personal injury complaint against the Long Island Rail road that made an appeal to courts judgment that was in favour of the plaintiff. The ruling was avowed on the appeal, and the defendant appealed (Farlex, 2013). Therefore, to my opinion, the railroad guards were wrong in relation to the individual carrying the parcel but not in regards to Palsgraf who was standing at a far distance. Additionally, no one was aware that the packages had fireworks and that they could cause harm if they were to be dropped. No one could also have thought that Palsgraf who was standing at a far zone was out of danger and that he could be harmed. On the other hand, an issue of negligence was also mentioned by Palsgraf as he tried to sue the guards involved in the incidence (4LawSchool, 2001). Personally, to spot the act of negligence, there should be a discovery that an obligation was first owed and contravened and that the damage could have been shunned in the case where the defendant was following that particular duty. The course of the peril or rather the risk associated with the danger is the one which a rational person would have foreseen. On the other hand, even though the guard had taken the package and thrown it intentionally, it would have not caused a threat on Palsgraf safety looking at it from the appearance of the circumstance to a rational person. The liability of the Long Island Railroad towards an inadvertent action would have not been greater than it was especially on the case where the act was deliberate. There is tendacy to argue that each and every individual owes to the world a duty of abstaining from the actions that may threaten the wellbeing of other people in an unreasonable manner. In the attempt to determine the approximate cause of the incidence, the court must have asked whether there was a natural or an incessant series between the effect and the cause. The court had the same pressure of not to argue whether the a ct was reasonably expected to cause injury to any individual (Manz, 2005). Additionally, the court was expected to consider the fact that the greater the distance existing between the cause and effect in both space and time, the greater the probability that the other grounds intervene to cause an effect to the outcome. In this case there was no kind of remoteness in terms of time and space and therefore injury was meant to take place in some form. It is also to my view that the issue of proximate cause is just a practical politics, which is not founded on judgment. Proximate cause implies that due to expediency of the public strategy regarding to an uneven sense of impartiality, the law subjectively declines to hunt for a series of happenings beyond a given level (Lawnix, 2008). The natural and the foreseeable outcomes of the negligent deeds influence the determination of deciding whether a given act can be termed as a proximate cause of the damages. It is paramount to adopt the pri nciple that states that negligent behaviour that ends up in injury results into being a liability in the case where the actor had the chance to reasonably foresee that the behaviour could result to injury. In the Cardozo opinion, the court decided that the defendant’s guards could not have predicted the likelihood of the injury on Palsgraf and thus no duty to him was breached either. The obligation to practice care is owed to everyone and thus the acts of carelessness will definitely put the actor to accountability to each and every individual who is approximately injured by the incidence. Whether the harm is

Factors in Organisational Behaviour

Factors in Organisational Behaviour Organizational behavior is the study and application of knowledge of how people and groups of people act in an organization. An organization thrives on the vision set, management philosophies, values and the leadership. The culture of a specific organization determines the type of leadership, communication, group dynamics and human capital. Good leadership is vital for a business to survive in this digital age. Leadership is about coping with change. Leadership is the ability to influence a group of people towards the achievement of set goals. Effective leadership is owed to initiation where a leader is likely to define the structure of his role and those under him, as well as consideration for all by having mutual trust and respect. Communicating in any organization leads to maximum utilization of opportunities and also serves as an eliminator of all threats that can lead to the failure of an organization. A good communication system leads to improved relationships between the players hence a good working environment is created. In an organization where the working environment is available, the personnel comes together in teams to discuss the organizations goals and also team work is applied in the realization of goals. Human capital is the stock of competences, knowledge, habits and personality attributes. The concept of human capital recognizes that not all the workers in an organization are the same. It is the knowledge that the attributes of each person can be used productively in a commercial context. In the place that is the organization, with human capital and communication to direct the organization, self-assessment is imperative.If done properly can benefit an organization a whole lot more. Self-evaluat ion is important to performance appraisal to a company hence very profitable to human capital as well as organization leadership. Self evaluation gives leaders broader perspective. A manager receives better insight into an employee’s performance and their general perceptions and believes regarding a job. Manager’s work closely with their employees but it is not enough to understand all the factors that affect them. Through self assessments, managers get a closer look at factors that affect employees their performance and their motivation. These evaluations help the employees communicate their needs, strengths and weakness to their leaders’ thus increasing efficiency at the work place. Self evaluation promotes communication in regards to performance. A self assessment is a communication tool that leaders use to spark discussion between them and their employees. An employee provides relevant background information in his assessment which serves as an opportunity for their employer to know them better. Effective organizational management requires communication to flow both ways between the leader and the led. Employees are able to bring to light their priorities, challenges faced and general discussions about performance. Self evaluations are also beneficial in helping an organization revise their communication ways from top down to a two way dialogue which if includes in the organizations culture can prove very crucial. Self evaluation aids in solving issues before the review meeting. The assessment enables employees to flag their in perception of their performance before the review meeting is held. The self appraisal enables a manger to be ready for the review meeting thus making it easier to have a fruitful discussion and fair performance ratings. The assessment is really important in the review meeting considering a leader can use to assess the employee by either guiding his perception through, or redirecting his assessment. Engaging employees in the managerial process is crucial as it gives one a sense of belonging and responsibility. The self appraisal is beneficial as it enables participatory management. Good leadership allows participation in major decision making by employees. This active participation is beneficial in engaging both the employee and managers in performance and conclusive review processes and discussions. Diversity means the differences in people(. Some people let diversity get in the way of their relationships in the place of work which in turn affects performance. Successful organizations encourage employees to embrace diversity in the workplace by applying team work in different jobs given to them. Organizations encourage team work as peoples differences can be used to boost the quality of work. As Abraham Lincoln suggest united we stand, divided we fall, it is a good practice to have oneness in an organization. Sometimes diversity is not an easy situation to deal with. Sometimes individuals have enmity or no relationship at all. This is where diversity management comes in. Diversity sometimes leads to prejudice in a working space. Prejudice is blatant negative stereotyping of some people due to their different way of approaching things. Prejudice might be due to personal traits and sometimes social learning (Al-amki 2002). In both cases it can be prevented and curbed not to affect business. Prejudice can be reduced through some basic approaches such as persuasive communication, education contact and therapy According to Farley (2000) persuasive communication is any form of communication written, verbal or visual. As studied in organizational behavior, communication is vital in joining different groups of people in achieving the set organizational goal. Communication therefore becomes fundamental in the reduction of prejudice. Using assertiveness as a way of communicating our needs, wants and desires known to others can be used to reduce or rather eliminate prejudice. Assertiveness is defined as the power we use to make other people aware of our needs, wants and desires (AL-amki2002) Different people express themselves differently hence it’s next to impossible to change people’s level of assertiveness. Communication is used to make sure that two different people with different levels of assertiveness can discuss their opinions and express their points by adjusting their level of assertiveness to meet each others’. For two people who have different views and believes about something, prejudice is likely to crop up. For this to be eliminated one could send out a message with credible sources about the topic in question in an attempt to bring about a change in attitude to the highly prejudiced individuals (Cox Blake 1991). Though communication is crucial in dealing with diversity and prejudice, sometimes it does not work because highly prejudiced people tend to hold onto their belief and do not like them to be challenged. To ensure communication is effective in solving prejudice, ensure your message is clear and easy to understand and that a highly regarded person conveys the message. Prejudice can also be solved through education. Education is beneficial in reducing prejudice when it is not in an advanced stage and if personal disorders are not dominant (Farley, 2000). Farley further suggests that if a person is not prejudiced due to social learning, education can be successful in reducing prejudice. The act of imparting knowledge to an individual is in itself good enough a chance to make people as part of the process of change. One of the best methods of solving the issue of prejudice in an organization is through intergroup contact. Intergroup hypothesis suggests that the contact has to be superficial (Farley 2000). If people have casual contact, they should not expect to end prejudice. For prejudice to end, the people involved should be in contact with each other and therefore in the same environment. The reason why intergroup contact is better than education and communication is because, it is practice, is voluntary and does not involve intermediaries (Cox Bl ake1991). It is more of influencing each other to do the right thing. Therapy is also used in an attempt to reduce prejudice when prejudiced people have personality problems. If it is a personality issue, resolve the issue that led to prejudice and then try talking the person into dealing with one’s insecurities without blaming prejudice. According to Farley, people should stop blaming prejudice for all the problems they face. Organizational behaviour studies the actions of people in an organization in relation to achievement of goals. Self appraisal, as discussed in this write up is beneficial to a company that seeks to grow and have a good human capital that relates well with its leadership. The leadership of an organization must foster good communication to ensure all the personnel participate in the management of the team hence achievement of both personal and organizational goals. The management is also responsible for communicating with its employees to understand diversity hence reducing diversity in the working environment. Stereotyping is a bad vice that can lead to deteriorating working conditions hence reducing efficiency in the place of work. Diversity like all other differences should spark creativity in leaders by allowing them to use the different attributes of every personnel to create a unique organization hence reducing prejudice. In conclusion organizations should embrace self evaluation to improve on appraisal strategies and at the same time reduce prejudice since in this digital era; diverse employees find themselves in the same working place. BIBLIOGRAPHY Al-Lamki S. M. (2002). Orientation: The essential ingredient in cross-cultural management, International Journal of Management, 19, 568. Cox T. H., Blake S (1991). Managing cultural diversity: Implications for organizational competitiveness. Academy of Management Executive, 5, 45-56 Farley S. 2000 Minority studies: reducing prejudice: how achievable? How important? Knippenberg D. V de Dreu C. K. W., Homan A. C. (2004). Work group diversity and group Performance: An integrative model and research agenda. Journal of Applied Psychology,

A Deserted Village

He stood there by the road after three long decades overlooking the land which he once called his evergreen village of Ago. Then, it was a haven of peace, now, only a hub for centralization and a fast moving life. A village which was once covered with a never ending evergreen canopy and vast stretches of lush green fields now stood there naked with a concrete Jungle of buildings and structures and barren fields. A tear rolled down Padres Bernadine old wrinkled scarred cheek seeing the fate of his village. He couldn't console of something so dear that he had lost.He started walking the winding road down the hill, towards his village, taking one agonizing step at a time. The padre could still vividly hear the shouts and cries of laughter of his childhood days that he spent with his friends playing and plucking fruits and all the adventurous exploits they enjoyed doing on this very hill and the assistant church bell chimes, reminding the village folk the time for prayer and the children as well, so as to be back home before the † angelus† or else get † Main's adaptation† ( grandma's shouting) or if worse † matcher Dimmit† ( kneeling on salt).The hill now deserted and the church bell not to be heard with all the hype and bizarre traffic noise. He stopped abruptly on his trail, not wanting to Journey further to the place which he dreaded the most now. Already maimed and not wanting to be more, he diverted and mapped his way onto the hillside, off the road to a special spot where he spent much of his quality time as a youth.It overlooked the entire village, the church, the fields, a perfect panoramic view that would soothe a tense mind and soul. He sat there by himself on a rock, which was a tablet on which were the faint inscriptions of the past, the names of his peers and his, now worn out over the years.

Divorce. Everybody Knows The Word And Many People Deal

Divorce. Everybody knows the word and many people deal with it, but does it have a negative effect on children? Some people who have experienced divorce as a child might have differing opinions, but the main consensus is that it does have a negative effect on children. When parents have to go through divorce, it can often cause a tear in the family and the family’s chemistry. Children often grow up without a mother or without a father because of this tragic outcome, but in other cases, the mother and the father both stay in the child’s life. It may not be in unity, but this is often the case. Divorce has a negative effect of children and may affect their ability to form relationships based on trust and love and their development of social†¦show more content†¦This effect could cause a child to never fully trust someone when given a first impression. One last effect on the trust of a child due to the divorce of their parents, is the fear of being rejected. When feeling rejected, this may cause the child to always feel like they are not worth others time and will lose trust in any relationship they may be a part of in the future. The fear stays with the child throughout their adulthood. It may not be a conscious thought of being rejected, but when one is turned down it may trigger a repressed memory relating back to the divorce. Trust is that one thing, that a relationship needs to hold on to, and when the relationship loses trust, it loses much more. Love is a beautiful word. Love is the first thing someone experiences when they start to develop a conscious. The mothers, the fathers, the brothers, or the sisters, are the first people that a normal child will show affection to. When growing up, everybody has that one thing in common. We are taught it from the first words, to say â€Å"I love you† or to ask somebody for love. However, when the child comes home from school, or when the teenager comes home from work and hears words suc h as â€Å"I do not love you anymore, we should get a divorce,† the whole perspective of the word love changes in that person. Those little things can completely change the outlook on life and love. FormingShow MoreRelatedMarriage by Gregory Corso1646 Words   |  7 Pagescircumstances asked by young eligible men. Yet these rhetorical questions seem to have the answers, sarcastic and satirical answers hidden in them. The speaker of the poem, a young man, ponders if he should â€Å"be good† (line 1). Being â€Å"good† is what everybody expects you to be, and the definition of this â€Å"good† that is talked about has nothing to do with morality. Rather, being good is just the action of conforming to society’s expectations of one’s actions and behavior. He contemplates what a date withRead MoreKipnis What Is Love?1520 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is Love? 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Ronald Reagan was one of those people who assumed that other people are good and decent until otherwise proven. However if a person was to ask another about Ronald Reagan they would give you another answer more than likely. Some would say that he was an actor and didn_t know a thing about politics, others wouldRead MoreAndre Dubus And The Fat Girl1785 Words   |  8 Pagesof awards throughout his writing career and had many influences on a lot of different people. Andre’s early life affected how he became a famous writer. Andre Dubus grew up in a good and lovely household. He was born in Lake Charles, Louisiana on August 11, 1963 (â€Å"Dubus, Andre†). He was the son of Andre Dubus Sr. and Katherine Burke Dubus ( â€Å"Dubus, Andre†). His father, Andre Dubus Sr.,. was a civil engineer who loved golf and smoked a great deal (â€Å"Dubus, Andre†). His mother, Katherine Burke Dubus

Family My Family Health Background - 1235 Words

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As I was analyzing my family tree, it was difficult to find further medical information about my paternal and maternal great-grandparents and my maternal grandparents. My parents and thei r siblings do not know much about their grandparents’ and my maternal grandparents’ medical histories. However, I was able to retrieve medical information about my paternal and maternal grandparents, as well as my parents’ medical information. There are a few health conditions that run in my family: high blood pressure, Multiple Myeloma, Type 1 Diabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes. Marcos Lagua is my paternal grandfather. He was diagnosed with highShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of The Heritage Assessment1373 Words   |  6 Pagesof quality health services to an increasingly diverse population. The approach is of critical importance, especially in the United States of America where a good proportion of the population is comprised of the immigrants who come from all over the world. 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The use of heritage assessment tools helps healthcare providers evaluate and look at someone’s heritage, as well as traditional health methods used to maintain health, protect health, and restore health; by applying these concepts it helps healthcare professionals deal with a person’s physical, mental, and spiritual beliefs. Different cultures have different values and beliefs of health, disease, illness, birth, and death;Read Mo reThe Book Spirit Catches You And You Fall Down By Anne Fadiman794 Words   |  4 Pagesregarding health care. I am impressed and touched by the story very much. In this book, the author described a tragic story about a Hmong girl Lia. The conflict and difference between western treatment and the belief in Hmong typical family, Lee family towards the struggling with Lia’s epilepsy in the major plot of the book. 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The purpose of this paper isRead MoreFamily And Cultural Assessment Paper1536 Words   |  7 PagesFamily/Cultural Assessment Paper The Purnell Domains of Culture assessment gives a vast amount of information in regards to a persons cultural background, family and heritage that gives care provides a better understanding of their client or clients family. As a future care provider, I took the time to speak to Mrs. Smith about herself and family to gain insight on whom they are as a family and what influences them to be who they are today. Over the course of the domains of culture I have been ableRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing Essay1028 Words   |  5 Pagesthe United States for over ten years. I developed interest in nursing the main reason is the superior nursing care to my family member offered by the US hospitals. My personal philosophy is universal provision of health-care despite one’s background. As a nurse, one is responsible to offer professional services in any environment. I defined person, environment, health and nursing. My four personal philosophy concepts include competence, acco untability, compassion and caring. Nursing philosophy is importantRead MoreMental Health And The Southeast Asian Community906 Words   |  4 Pagesinterested in studying is mental health in Southeast Asian Community. Growing up, my mother suffered from major depression and younger brother with bipolar disorder. However, my parents would not acknowledge and does not believe that talking to medical professional with help them. My brother joined a gang and was getting involved in criminal activities in middle school. He went to juvenile hall to group homes, prison and then moved to Minnesota to live with his friends. 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It also helps in opening a pathway for effective communication between the patient and health care provider to understand ones culture, beliefs, as well as their health traditions. The greater

Investigating The Risk Factors Among Youth Within The...

Examining the Risk Factors Among Youth Within the Juvenile Justice System: Can We Predict if a Child Will End Up in the Criminal Justice System? Clare Fenty Alfred University Table of Contents Abstract †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...4 CHAPTER 1 Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...6 Problem Statement †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...6 Rationale †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...7 CHAPTER 2 Literature Review †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 Theories on Juvenile Delinquency †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....8 Individual Risk Factors †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...10 Family Risk Factors †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.12 Community Risk Factors †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦15 School and Academic Performance †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...15 Church and Religious Affiliation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...17†¦show more content†¦Results of the analysis indicates that whereas there is a potential for a single risk factor to predict criminal behavior among the youth, the Keywords: 1. Juvenile delinquency: An offense committed by a child who is between 7 and 15 years old. All juvenile delinquency cases are heard in family courts. It is not treated the same as adults (Juvenile Justice Process, 2016) 2. Minors: In most states, minors are defined as individuals who are below 18 years old. The term is sometimes used simultaneously with juveniles, children, and youth. Their offenses are not called crimes but delinquent acts (Thomson Reuters, 2017). 3. Juvenile justice system. A branch of the criminal justice system that is responsible for handling youth who are charged of a criminal offense. The juvenile justice system intervenes through the police, family courts, and rehabilitation facilities. 4. Risk factors. These are elements, to which when a subject is exposed to, increase the likelihood that he or she will develop the problem behavior (Shader, 2001). Risk factors are not necessarily causes though. 5. Protective factors. These are influences that acts as a cushion between the presence of risk factors and the onset of delinquency. They restrain the effect of exposure to risk factors resulting in lowered incidence ofShow MoreRelatedJuvenile Justice Facilities : Protecting The Health And Wellness Of Our Youngest Inmates1370 Words   |  6 PagesPREA Mandates in Juvenile Justice Facilities: Protecting the Health and Wellness of our Youngest Inmates Jennifer Hulvat Kaplan University, J.D. Full Time Faculty March, 2015 The month of April brings a change of seasons around the country, and a new focus issue to the table; Health and Wellness. In the area of Juvenile Corrections, we might take this opportunity to revisit a topic I wrote about in February, â€Å"Incarcerated Youth at Risk: Is Your Facility Doing Enough to Avoid Liability?† UltimatelyRead MoreEssay on The Most Prevalent Causes of Juvenile Delinquency1164 Words   |  5 Pagesreported (Juvenile Justice Basic Statistics, 2011). Creating interventions to assist at-risk youth means preventing them from starting on a path to crime is a priority. Juvenile justice system researchers and professionals must gain a better understanding of the contributing elements that cause delinquent behavior. The study seeks to determine the most prevalent causes among the criminal population that induce a propensity for criminal behavior. There needs to be a balance among attributing behaviorRead MoreMinorities and Justice Essay1793 Words   |  8 Pagesand Justice Television shows such as Dateline, 60 Minutes and 20/20 have often aired segments on discrimination within the justice system through hidden cameras recording police behavior towards minorities, interviews with minorities falsely accused or mistreated, and by referring to capital punishment statistics seemingly biased especially towards blacks. The Justice Files has produced several biographies on minorities who were subjected to some atrocity by the American justice system. GeneralRead MoreThe Application of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Within a Prison Setting1434 Words   |  6 PagesThe current prison and criminal justice system has not proven to be helpful in rehabilitating offenders and preventing recidivism. To successfully alter this situation it is important to understand what steps and measures are available to assist those who find themselves imprisoned. The techniques used in cognitive behavioral therapy have proven to be effective in treating depression, anxiety and drug addictions among other things. Analyzing the techniques developed in cognitive behavioral theoryRead MoreCjs 240 Intro to Juvenile Justice the Juvenile Justice Systems Need to Focus on Rehabilitation1888 Words   |  8 PagesThe Juvenile Justice System’s Need to Focus on Rehabilitation The Juvenile Justice System’s Need to Focus on Rehabilitation Amanda R. Molnar Axia College of the University of Phoenix The Juvenile Justice System Needs to Focus on Rehabilitation The juvenile justice system has long been in debate over whether its focus should be rehabilitation or punishment. From its birth in the early 20th century, the juvenile justice system has changed its focus from punishment to rehabilitation and backRead MoreThe Theory Of Crime Causation Theory1648 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Within this document, we will examine Social Bonding theory. We will define what that theory is, then explain why crimes occurs and the reason why crime causation theory is currently relevant and effective. 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Discuss Whether the New Labour Government’s Policies Have Been Effective in Solving These Issues?8138 Words   |  33 PagesSOCIAL POLICY PROJECT MODULE: SS3P02N Question: What are the major issues that cause inner city youth to join gangs and become delinquent? Discuss whether the New Labour Government’s policies have been effective in solving these issues? 2010 Project by: Alice Mutumba Student No: 05038460 CONTENTS PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Summary The perception that gang culture in relation to youth crime is growing in the UK is intensified by the media, it is very rare to read a daily paper these days withoutRead MoreYouth Gang Violence in Australia2230 Words   |  9 PagesYOUTH GANG VIOLENCE IN AUSTRALIA A report by Sam Brown The legal argument being stated in this report refers to the developing issue of youth gang criminology that has somewhat flourished and further advanced in the suburban areas of Australia since the 1990s. 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Prelude to Foundation Chapter 4 Library Free Essays

string(114) " for across the room he saw a red light flashing brightly and rapidly, accompanied by a harsh, intermittent buzz\." VENABILI, DORS-†¦ Historian, born in Cinna†¦ Her life might well have continued on its uneventful course were it not for the fact that, after she had spent two years on the faculty of Streeling University, she became involved with the young Hari Seldon during The Flight†¦ Encyclopedia Galactica 16. The room that Hari Seldon found himself in was larger than Hummin’s room in the Imperial Sector. It was a bedroom with one corner serving as a washroom and with no sign of any cooking or dining facilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Prelude to Foundation Chapter 4 Library or any similar topic only for you Order Now There was no window, though set in the ceiling was a grilled ventilator that made a steady sighing noise. Seldon looked about a bit ruefully. Hummin interpreted that look with his usual assured manner and said, â€Å"It’s only for tonight, Seldon. Tomorrow morning someone will come to install you at the University and you will be more comfortable.† â€Å"Pardon me, Hummin, but how do you know that?† â€Å"I will make arrangements. I know one or two people here†-he smiled briefly without humor-â€Å"and I have a favor or two I can ask repayment for. Now let’s go into some details.† He gazed steadily at Seldon and said, â€Å"Whatever you have left in your hotel room is lost. Does that include anything irreplaceable?† â€Å"Nothing really irreplaceable. I have some personal items I value for their association with my past life, but if they are gone, they are gone. There are, of course, some notes on my paper. Some calculations. The paper itself.† â€Å"Which is now public knowledge until such time as it is removed from circulation as dangerous-which it probably will be. Still, I’ll be able to get my hands on a copy, I’m sure. In any case, you can reconstruct it, can’t you?† â€Å"I can. That’s why I said there was nothing really irreplaceable. Also, I’ve lost nearly a thousand credits, some books, clothing, my tickets back to Helicon, things like that.† â€Å"All replaceable.-Now I will arrange for you to have a credit tile in my name, charged to me. That will take care of ordinary expenses.† â€Å"That’s unusually generous of you. I can’t accept it.† â€Å"It’s not generous at all, since I’m hoping to save the Empire in that fashion. You must accept it.† â€Å"But how much can you afford, Hummin? I’ll be using it, at best, with an uneasy conscience.† â€Å"Whatever you need for survival or reasonable comfort I can afford, Seldon. Naturally, I wouldn’t want you to try to buy the University gymnasium or hand out a million credits in largess.† â€Å"You needn’t worry, but with my name on record-â€Å" â€Å"It might as well be. It is absolutely forbidden for the Imperial government to exercise any security control over the University or its members. There is complete freedom. Anything can be discussed here, anything can be said here.† â€Å"What about violent crime?† â€Å"Then the University authorities themselves handle it, with reason and care-and there are virtually no crimes of violence. The students and faculty appreciate their freedom and understand its terms. Too much rowdiness, the beginning of riot and bloodshed, and the government may feel it has a right to break the unwritten agreement and send in the troops. No one wants that, not even the government, so a delicate balance is maintained. In other words, Demerzel himself can not have you plucked out of the University without a great deal more cause than anyone in the University has given the government in at least a century and a half. On the other hand, if you are lured off the grounds by a student-agent-â€Å" â€Å"Are there student-agents?† â€Å"How can I say? There may be. Any ordinary individual can be threatened or maneuvered or simply bought-and may remain thereafter in the service of Demerzel or of someone else, for that matter. So I must emphasize this: You are safe in any reasonable sense, but no one is absolutely safe. You will have to be careful. But though I give you that warning, I don’t want you to cower through life. On the whole, you will be far more secure here than you would have been if you had returned to Helicon or gone to any world of the Galaxy outside Trantor.† â€Å"I hope so,† said Seldon drearily. â€Å"I know so,† said Hummin, â€Å"Or I would not feel it wise to leave you.† â€Å"Leave me?† Seldon looked up sharply. â€Å"You can’t do that. You know this world. I don’t.† â€Å"You will be with others who know this world, who know this part of it, in fact, even better than I do. As for myself, I must go. I have been with you all this day and I dare not abandon my own life any longer. I must not attract too much attention to myself. Remember that I have my own insecurities, just as you have yours.† Seldon blushed. â€Å"You’re right. I can’t expect you to endanger yourself indefinitely on my behalf. I hope you are not already ruined.† Hummin said coolly, â€Å"Who can tell? We live in dangerous times. Just remember that if anyone can make the times safe-if not for ourselves, then for those who follow after us-it is you. Let that thought be your driving force, Seldon.† 17. Sleep eluded Seldon. He tossed and turned in the dark, thinking. He had have never felt quite so alone or quite so helpless as he did after Hummin had nodded, pressed his hand briefly, and left him behind. Now he was on a strange world-and in a strange part of that world. He was without the only person he could consider a friend (and that of less than a day’s duration) and he had no idea of where he was going or what he would be doing, either tomorrow or at any time in the future. None of that was conducive to sleep so, of course, at about the time he decided, hopelessly, that he would not sleep that night or, possibly, ever again, exhaustion overtook him†¦ When he woke up it was still dark-or not quite, for across the room he saw a red light flashing brightly and rapidly, accompanied by a harsh, intermittent buzz. You read "Prelude to Foundation Chapter 4 Library" in category "Essay examples" Undoubtedly, it was that which had awakened him. As he tried to remember where he was and to make some sort of sense out of the limited messages his senses were receiving, the flashing and buzzing ceased and he became aware of a peremptory rapping. Presumably, the rapping was at the door, but he didn’t remember where the door was. Presumably, also, there was a contact that would flood the room with light, but he didn’t remember where that was either. He sat up in bed and felt along the wall to his left rather desperately while calling out, â€Å"One moment, please.† He found the necessary contact and the room suddenly bloomed with a soft light. He scrambled out of bed, blinking, still searching for the door, finding it, reaching out to open it, remembering caution at the last moment, and saying in a suddenly stern, no-nonsense voice, â€Å"Who’s there?† A rather gentle woman’s voice said, â€Å"My dame is Dors Venabili and I have come to see Dr. Hari Seldon.† Even as that was said, a woman was standing just in front of the door, without that door ever having been opened. For a moment, Hari Seldon stared at her in surprise, then realized that he was wearing only a one-piece undergarment. He let out a strangled gasp and dashed for the bed and only then realized that he was staring at a holograph. It lacked the hard edge of reality and it became apparent the woman wasn’t looking at him. She was merely showing herself for identification. He paused, breathing hard, then said, raising his voice to be heard through the door, â€Å"If you’ll wait, I’ll be with you. Give me†¦ maybe half an hour.† The woman-or the holograph, at any rate-said, â€Å"I’ll wait,† and disappeared. There was no shower, so he sponged himself, making a rare mess on the tiled floor in the washroom corner. There was toothpaste but no toothbrush, so he used his finger. He had no choice but to put on the clothes he had been wearing the day before. He finally opened the door. He realized, even as he did so, that she had not really identified herself. She had merely given a name and Hummin had not told him whom to expect, whether it was to be this Dors Somebody or anyone else. He had felt secure because the holograph was that of a personable young woman, but for all he knew there might be half a dozen hostile young men with her. He peered out cautiously, saw only the woman, then opened the door sufficiently to allow her to enter. He immediately closed and locked the door behind her. â€Å"Pardon me,† he said, â€Å"What time is it?† â€Å"Nine,† she said, â€Å"The day has long since begun.† As far as official time was concerned, Trantor held to Galactic Standard, since only so could sense be made out of interstellar commerce and governmental dealings. Each world, however, also had a local time system and Seldon had not yet come to the point where he felt at home with casual Trantorian references to the hour. â€Å"Midmorning?† he said. â€Å"Of course.† â€Å"There are no windows in this room,† he said defensively. Dors walked to his bed, reached out, and touched a small dark spot on the wall. Red numbers appeared on the ceiling just over his pillow. They read: 0903. She smiled without superiority. â€Å"I’m sorry,† she said. â€Å"But I rather assumed Chetter Hummin would have told you I’d be coming for you at nine. The trouble with him is he’s so used to knowing, he sometimes forgets that others occasionally don’t know.-And I shouldn’t have used radio-holographic identification. I imagine you don’t have it on Helicon and I’m afraid I must have alarmed you.† Seldon felt himself relax. She seemed natural and friendly and the casual reference to Hummin reassured him. He said, â€Å"You’re quite wrong about Helicon, Miss-â€Å" â€Å"Please call me Dors.† â€Å"You’re still wrong about Helicon, Dors. We do have radioholography, but I’ve never been able to afford the equipment. Nor could anyone in my circle, so I haven’t actually had the experience. But I understood what had happened soon enough.† He studied her. She was not very tall, average height for a woman, he judged. Her hair was a reddish-gold, though not very bright, and was arranged in shore curls about her head. (He had seen a number of women in Trantor with their hair so arranged. It was apparently a local fashion that would have been laughed at in Helicon.) She was not amazingly beautiful, but was quite pleasant to look at, this being helped by full lips that seemed to have a slight humorous curl to them. She was slim, well-built, and looked quite young. (Too young, he thought uneasily, to be of use perhaps.) â€Å"Do I pass inspection?† she asked. (She seemed to have Hummin’s trick of guessing his thoughts, Seldon thought, or perhaps he himself lacked the trick of hiding them.) He said, â€Å"I’m sorry. I seem to have been staring, but I’ve only been trying to evaluate you. I’m in a strange place. I know no one and have no friends.† â€Å"Please, Dr. Seldon, count me as a friend. Mr. Hummin has asked me to take care of you.† Seldon smiled ruefully. â€Å"You may be a little young for the job.† â€Å"You’ll find I am not.† â€Å"Well, I’ll try to be as little trouble as possible. Could you please repeat your name?† â€Å"Dors Venabili.† She spelled the last name and emphasized the stress on the second syllable. â€Å"As I said, please call me Dors and if you don’t object too strenuously I will call you Hari. We’re quite informal here at the University and there is an almost self-conscious effort to show no signs of status, either inherited or professional.† â€Å"Please, by all means, call me Hari.† â€Å"Good. I shall remain informal then. For instance, the instinct for formality, if there is such a thing, would cause me to ask permission to sit down. Informally, however, I shall just sit.† She then sat down on the one chair in the room. Seldon cleared his throat. â€Å"Clearly, I’m not at all in possession of my ordinary faculties. I should have asked you to sit.† He sat down on the side of his crumpled bed and wished he had thought to straighten it out somewhat-but he had been caught by surprise. She said pleasantly, â€Å"This is how it’s going to work, Hari. First, we’ll go to breakfast at one of the University cafes. Then I’ll get you a room in one of the domiciles-a better room than this. You’ll have a window. Hummin has instructed me to get you a credit tile in his name, but it will take me a day or two to extort one out of the University bureaucracy. Until that’s done, I’ll be responsible for your expenses and you can pay me back later.-And we can use you. Chetter Hummin told me you’re a mathematician and for some reason there’s a serious lack of good ones at the University.† â€Å"Did Hummin tell you that I was a good mathematician?† â€Å"As a matter of fact, he did. He said you were a remarkable man-â€Å" â€Å"Well.† Seldon looked down at his fingernails. â€Å"I would like to be considered so, but Hummin knew me for less than a day and, before that, he had heard me present a paper, the quality of which he has no way of judging. I think he was just being polite.† â€Å"I don’t think so,† said Dors. â€Å"He is a remarkable person himself and has had a great deal of experience with people. I’ll go by his judgment. In any case, I imagine you’ll have a chance to prove yourself. You can program computers, I suppose.† â€Å"Of course.† â€Å"I’m talking about teaching computers, you understand, and I’m asking if you can devise programs to teach various phases of contemporary mathematics.† â€Å"Yes, that’s part of my profession. I’m assistant professor of mathematics at the University of Helicon.† She said, â€Å"Yes, I know. Hummin told me that. It means, of course, that everyone will know you are a non-Trantorian, but that will present no serious problems. We’re mainly Trantorian here at the University, but there’s a substantial minority of Outworlders from any number of different worlds and that’s accepted. I won’t say that you’ll never hear a planetary slur but actually the Outworlders are more likely to use them than the Trantorians. I’m an Outworlder myself, by the way.† â€Å"Oh?† He hesitated and then decided it would be only polite to ask. â€Å"What world are you from?† â€Å"I’m from Cinna. Have you ever heard of it?† He’d be caught out if he was polite enough to lie, Seldon decided, so he said, â€Å"No.† â€Å"I’m not surprised. It’s probably of even less account than Helicon is. Anyway, to get back to the programming of mathematical teaching computers, I suppose that that can be done either proficiently or poorly.† â€Å"Absolutely.† â€Å"And you would do it proficiently.† â€Å"I would like to think so.† â€Å"There you are, then. The University will pay you for that, so let’s go out and eat. Did you sleep well, by the way?† â€Å"Surprisingly, I did.† â€Å"And are you hungry?† â€Å"Yes, but-† He hesitated. She said cheerfully, â€Å"But you’re worried about the quality of the food, is that it? Well, don’t be. Being an Outworlder myself, I can understand your feelings about the strong infusion of microfood into everything, but the University menus aren’t bad. In the faculty dining room, at least. The students suffer a bit, but that serves to harden them.† She rose and turned to the door, but stopped when Seldon could not keep himself from saying, â€Å"Are you a member of the faculty?† She turned and smiled at him impishly. â€Å"Don’t I look old enough? I got my doctorate two years ago at Cinna and I’ve been here ever since. In two weeks, I’ll be thirty.† â€Å"Sorry,† said Seldon, smiling in his turn, â€Å"but you can’t expect to look twenty-four and not raise doubts as to your academic status.† â€Å"Aren’t you nice?† said Dors and Seldon felt a certain pleasure wash over him. After all, he thought, you can’t exchange pleasantries with an attractive woman and feel entirely like a stranger. 18. Dors was right. Breakfast was by no means bad. There was something that was unmistakably eggy and the meat was pleasantly smoked. The chocolate drink (Trantor was strong on chocolate and Seldon did not mind that) was probably synthetic, but it was tasty and the breakfast rolls were good. He felt is only right to say as much. â€Å"This has been a very pleasant breakfast. Food. Surroundings. Everything.† â€Å"I’m delighted you think so,† said Dors. Seldon looked about. There were a bank of windows in one wall and while actual sunlight did not enter (he wondered if, after a while, he would learn to be satisfied with diffuse daylight and would cease to look for patches of sunlight in a room), the place was light enough. In fact, it was quite bright, for the local weather computer had apparently decided is was time for a sharp, clear day. The cables were arranged for four apiece and most were occupied by the full number, but Dors and Seldon remained alone at theirs. Dors had called over some of the men and women and had introduced them. All had been polite, but none had joined them. Undoubtedly, Dors intended that to be so, but Seldon did not see how she managed to arrange it. He said, â€Å"You haven’t introduced me to any mathematicians, Dors.† â€Å"I haven’t seen any that I know. Most mathematicians start the day early and have classes by eight. My own feeling is that any student so foolhardy as to take mathematics wants to get that part of the course over with as soon as possible.† â€Å"I take it you’re not a mathematician yourself.† â€Å"Anything but,† said Dors with a short laugh. â€Å"Anything. History is my field. I’ve already published some studies on the rise of Trantor-I mean the primitive kingdom, not this world. I suppose that will end up as my field of specialization-Royal Trantor.† â€Å"Wonderful,† said Seldon. â€Å"Wonderful?† Dors looked at him quizzically. â€Å"Are you interested in Royal Trantor too?† â€Å"In a way, yes. That and other things like that. I’ve never really studied history and I should have.† â€Å"Should you? If you had studied history, you’d scarcely have had time to study mathematics and mathematicians are very much needed-especially at this University. We’re full to here with historians,† she said, raising her hand to her eyebrows, â€Å"and economists and political scientists, but we’re short on science and mathematics. Chetter Hummin pointed that out to me once. He called it the decline of science and seemed to think it was a general phenomenon.† Seldon said, â€Å"Of course, when I say I should have studied history, I don’t mean that I should have made it a life work. I meant I should have studied enough to help me in my mathematics. My field of specialization is the mathematical analysis of social structure.† â€Å"Sounds horrible.† â€Å"In a way, it is. It’s very complicated and without my knowing a great deal more about how societies evolved it’s hopeless. My picture is too static, you see.† â€Å"I can’t see because I know nothing about it. Chetter told me you were developing something called psychohistory and that it was important. Have I got it right? Psychohistory?† â€Å"That’s right. I should have called it ‘psychosociology,’ but it seemed to me that was too ugly a word. Or perhaps I knew instinctively that a knowledge of history was necessary and then didn’t pay sufficient attention to my thoughts.† â€Å"Psychohistory does sound better, but I don’t know what it is.† â€Å"I scarcely do myself.† He brooded a few minutes, looking at the woman on the other side of the table and feeling that she might make this exile of his seem a little less like an exile. He thought of the other woman he had known a few years ago, but blocked it off with a determined effort. If he ever found another companion, it would have to be one who understood scholarship and what it demanded of a person. To get his mind onto a new track, he said, â€Å"Chetter Hummin told me that the University is in no way troubled by the government.† â€Å"He’s right.† Seldon shook his head. â€Å"That seems rather unbelievably forbearing of the Imperial government. The educational institutions on Helicon are by no means so independent of governmental pressures.† â€Å"Nor on Cinna. Nor on any Outworld, except perhaps for one or two of the largest. Trantor is another matter.† â€Å"Yes, but why?† â€Å"Because it’s the center of the Empire. The universities here have enormous prestige. Professionals are turned out by any university anywhere, but the administrators of the Empire-the high officials, the countless millions of people who represent the tentacles of Empire reaching into every corner of the Galaxy-are educated right here on Trantor.† â€Å"I’ve never seen the statistics-† began Seldon. â€Å"Take my word for it. It is important that the officials of the Empire have some common ground, some special feeling for the Empire. And they can’t all be native Trantorians or else the Outworlds would grow restless. For that reason, Trantor must attract millions of Outworlders for education here. It doesn’t matter where they come from or what their home accent or culture may be, as long as they pick up the Trantorian patina and identify themselves with a Trantorian educational background. That’s what holds the Empire together. The Outworlds are also less restive when a noticeable portion of the administrators who represent the Imperial government are their own people by birth and upbringing.† Seldon felt embarrassed again. This was something he had never given any thought to. He wondered if anyone could be a truly great mathematician if mathematics was all he knew. He said, â€Å"Is this common knowledge?† â€Å"I suppose it isn’t,† said Dors after some thought. â€Å"There’s so much knowledge to be had that specialists cling to their specialties as a shield against having to know anything about anything else. They avoid being drowned.† â€Å"Yet you know it.† â€Å"But that’s my specialty. I’m a historian who deals with the rise of Royal Trantor and this administrative technique was one of the ways in which Trantor spread its influence and managed the transition from Royal Trantor to Imperial Trantor.† Seldon said, almost as though muttering to himself, â€Å"How harmful overspecialization is. It cuts knowledge at a million points and leaves it bleeding.† Dors shrugged. â€Å"What can one do?-But you see, if Trantor is going to attract Outworlders to Trantorian universities, it has to give them something in return for uprooting themselves and going to a strange world with an incredibly artificial structure and unusual ways. I’ve been here two years and I’m still not used to it. I may never get used to it. But then, of course, I don’t intend to be an administrator, so I’m not forcing myself to be a Trantorian. â€Å"And what Trantor offers in exchange is not only the promise of a position with high status, considerable power, and money, of course, but also freedom. While students are having their-education, they are free to denounce the government, demonstrate against it peacefully, work out their own theories and points of view. They enjoy that and many come here so that they can experience the sensation of liberty.† â€Å"I imagine,† said Seldon, â€Å"that it helps relieve pressure as well. They work off all their resentments, enjoy all the smug self-satisfaction a young revolutionary would have, and by the time they take their place in the Imperial hierarchy, they are ready to settle down into conformity and obedience.† Dors nodded. â€Å"You may be right. In any case, the government, for all these reasons, carefully preserves the freedom of the universities. It’s not a matter of their being forbearing at all-only clever.† â€Å"And if you’re not going to be an administrator, Dors, what are you going to be?† â€Å"A historian. I’ll teach, put book-films of my own into the programming.† â€Å"Not much status, perhaps.† â€Å"Not much money, Hari, which is more important. As for status, that’s the sort of push and pull I’d just as soon avoid. I’ve seen many people with status, but I’m still looking for a happy one. Status won’t sit still under you; you have to continually fight to keep from sinking. Even Emperors manage to come to bad ends most of the time. Someday I may just go back to Cinna and be a professor.† â€Å"And a Trantorian education will give you status.† Dors laughed. â€Å"I suppose so, but on Cinna who would care? It’s a dull world, full of farms and with lots of cattle, both four-legged and two-legged.† â€Å"Won’t you find it dull after Trantor?† â€Å"Yes, that’s what I’m counting on. And if it gets too dull, I can always wangle a grant to go here or there to do a little historical research. That’s the advantage of my field.† â€Å"A mathematician, on the other hand,† said Seldon with a trace of bitterness at something that had never before bothered him, â€Å"is expected to sit at his computer and think. And speaking of computers-† He hesitated. Breakfast was done and it seemed to him more than likely she had some duties of her own to attend to. But she did not seem to be in any great hurry to leave. â€Å"Yes? Speaking of computers?† â€Å"Would I be able to get permission to use the history library?† Now it was she who hesitated. â€Å"I think that can be arranged. If you work on mathematics programming, you’ll probably be viewed as a quasi-member of the faculty and I could ask for you to be given permission. Only-â€Å" â€Å"Only?† â€Å"I don’t want to hurt your feelings, but you’re a mathematician and you say you know nothing about history. Would you know how to make use of a history library?† Seldon smiled. â€Å"I suppose you use computers very much like those in a mathematics library.† â€Å"We do, but the programming for each specialty has quirks of its own. You don’t know the standard reference book-films, the quick methods of winnowing and skipping. You may be able to find a hyperbolic interval in the dark†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"You mean hyperbolic integral,† interrupted Seldon softly. Dors ignored him. â€Å"But you probably won’t know how to get the terms of the Treaty of Poldark in less than a day and a half.† â€Å"I suppose I could learn.† â€Å"If†¦ if†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She looked a little troubled. â€Å"If you want to, I can make a suggestion. I give a week’s course-one hour each day, no credit-on library use. It’s for undergraduates. Would you feel it beneath your dignity to sit in on such a course-with undergraduates, I mean? It starts in three weeks.† â€Å"You could give me private lessons.† Seldon felt a little surprised at the suggestive tone that had entered his voice. She did not miss it. â€Å"I dare say I could, but I think you’d be better off with more formal instruction. We’ll be using the library, you understand, and at the end of the week you will be asked to locate information on particular items of historical interest. You will be competing with the other students all through and that will help you learn. Private tutoring will be far less efficient, I assure you. However, I understand the difficulty of competing with undergraduates. If you don’t do as well as they, you may feel humiliated. You must remember, though, that they have already studied elementary history and you, perhaps, may not have.† â€Å"I haven’t. No ‘may’ about it. But I won’t be afraid to compete and I won’t mind any humiliation that may come along-if I manage to learn the tricks of the historical reference trade.† It was clear to Seldon that he was beginning to like this young woman and that he was gladly seizing on the chance to be educated by her. He was also aware of the fact that he had reached a turning point in his mind. He had promised Hummin to attempt to work out a practical psychohistory, but that had been a promise of the mind and not the emotions. Now he was determined to seize psychohistory by the throat if he had to-in order to make it practical. That, perhaps, was the influence of Dors Venabili. Or had Hummin counted on that? Hummin, Seldon decided, might well be a most formidable person. 19. Cleon I had finished dinner, which, unfortunately, had been a formal state affair. It meant he had to spend time talking to various officials-not one of whom he knew or recognized-in set phrases designed to give each one his stroke and so activate his loyalty to the crown. It also meant that his food reached him but lukewarm and had cooled still further before he could eat it. There had to be some way of avoiding that. Eat first, perhaps, on his own or with one or two close intimates with whom he could relax and then attend a formal dinner at which he could merely be served an imported pear. He loved pears. But would that offend the guests who would take the Emperor’s refusal to eat with them as a studied insult. His wife, of course, was useless in this respect, for her presence would but further exacerbate his unhappiness. He had married her because she was a member of a powerful dissident family who could be expected to mute their dissidence as a result of the union, though Cleon devoutly hoped that she, at least, would not do so. He was perfectly content to have her live her own life in her own quarters except for the necessary efforts to initiate an heir, for, to tell the truth, he didn’t like her. And now that an heir had come, he could ignore her completely. He chewed at one of a handful of nuts he had pocketed from the table on leaving and said, â€Å"Demerzel!† â€Å"Sire?† Demerzel always appeared at once when Cleon called. Whether he hovered constantly in earshot at the door or he drew close because the instinct of subservience somehow alerted him to a possible call in a few minutes, he did appear and that, Cleon thought idly, was the important thing. Of course, there were those times when Demerzel had to be away on Imperial business. Cleon always hated those absences. They made him uneasy. â€Å"What happened to that mathematician? I forget his name.† Demerzel, who surely knew the man the Emperor had in mind, but who perhaps wanted to study how much the Emperor remembered, said, â€Å"What mathematician is it that you have in mind, Sire?† Cleon waved an impatient hand. â€Å"The fortune-teller. The one who came to see me.† â€Å"The one we sent for?† â€Å"Well, sent for, then. He did come to see me. You were going to take care of the matter, as I recall. Have you?† Demerzel cleared his throat. â€Å"Sire, I have tried to.† â€Å"Ah! That means you have failed, doesn’t it?† In a way, Cleon felt pleased. Demerzel was the only one of his Ministers who made no bones of failure. The others never admitted failure, and since failure was nevertheless common, it became difficult to correct. Perhaps Demerzel could afford to be more honest because he failed so rarely. If it weren’t for Demerzel, Cleon thought sadly, he might never know what honesty sounded like. Perhaps no Emperor ever knew and perhaps that was one of the reasons that the Empire- He pulled his thoughts away and, suddenly nettled at the other’s silence and wanting an admission, since he had just admired Demerzel’s honesty in his mind, said sharply, â€Å"Well, you have failed, haven’t you?† Demerzel did not flinch. â€Å"Sire, I have failed in part. I felt that to have him here on Trantor where things are-difficult might present us with problems. It was easy to consider that he might be more conveniently placed on his home planet. He was planning to return to that home planet the next day, but there was always the chance of complications-of his deciding to remain on Trantor-so I arranged to have two young alley men place him on his plane that very day.† â€Å"Do you know alley men, Demerzel?† Cleon was amused. â€Å"It is important, Sire, to be able to reach many kinds of people, for each type has its own variety of use-alley men not the least. As it happens, they did not succeed.† â€Å"And why was that?† â€Å"Oddly enough, Seldon was able to fight them off.† â€Å"The mathematician could fight?† â€Å"Apparently, mathematics and the martial arts are not necessarily mutually exclusive. I found out, not soon enough, that his world, Helicon, is noted for it-martial arts, not mathematics. The fact that I did not learn this earlier was indeed a failure, Sire, and I can only crave your pardon.† â€Å"But then, I suppose the mathematician left for his home planet the next day as he had planned.† â€Å"Unfortunately, the episode backfired. Taken aback by the event, he decided not to return to Helicon, but remained on Trantor. He may have been advised to this effect by a passerby who happened to be present on the occasion of the fight. That was another unlooked-for complication.† The Emperor Cleon frowned. â€Å"Then our mathematician-what is his name?† â€Å"Seldon, Sire. Hari Seldon.† â€Å"Then this Seldon is out of reach.† â€Å"In a sense, Sire. We have traced his movements and he is now at Streeling University. While there, he is untouchable.† The Emperor scowled and reddened slightly. â€Å"I am annoyed at that word-‘untouchable.’ There should be nowhere in the Empire my hand cannot reach. Yet here, on my own world, you tell me someone can be untouchable. Insufferable!† â€Å"Your hand can reach to the University, Sire. You can send in your army and pluck out this Seldon at any moment you desire. To do so, however, is†¦ undesirable.† â€Å"Why don’t you say ‘impractical,’ Demerzel. You sound like the mathematician speaking of his fortune-telling. It is possible, but impractical. I am an Emperor who finds everything possible, but very little practical. Remember, Demerzel, if reaching Seldon is not practical, reaching you is entirely so.† Eto Demerzel let this last comment pass. The â€Å"man behind the throne† knew his importance to the Emperor, he had heard such threats before. He waited in silence while the Emperor glowered. Drumming his fingers against the arm of his chair, Cleon asked,†¦ Well then, what good is this mathematician to us if he is at Streeling University?† â€Å"It may perhaps be possible, Sire, to snatch use out of adversity. At the University, he may decide to work on his psychohistory.† â€Å"Even though he insists it’s impractical?† â€Å"He may be wrong and he may find out that he is wrong. And if he finds out that he is wrong, we would find some way of getting him out of the University. It is even possible he would join us voluntarily under those circumstances.† The Emperor remained lost in thought for a while, then said, â€Å"And what if someone else plucks him out before we do?† â€Å"Who would want to do that, Sire?† asked Demerzel softy. â€Å"The Mayor of Wye, for one,† said Cleon, suddenly shouting. â€Å"He dreams still of taking over the Empire.† â€Å"Old age has drawn his fangs, Sire.† â€Å"Don’t you believe it, Demerzel.† â€Å"And we have no reason for supposing he has any interest in Seldon or even knows of him, Sire.† â€Å"Come on, Demerzel. If we heard of the paper, so could Wye. If we see the possible importance of Seldon, so could Wye.† â€Å"If that should happen,† said Demerzel, â€Å"or even if there should be a reasonable chance of its happening, then we would be justified in taking strong measures.† â€Å"How strong?† Demerzel said cautiously, â€Å"It might be argued that rather than have Seldon in Wye’s hands, we might prefer to have him in no one’s hands. To have him cease to exist, Sire.† â€Å"To have him killed, you mean,† said Cleon. â€Å"If you wish to put it that way, Sire,† said Demerzel. 20. Hari Seldon sat back in his chair in the alcove that had been assigned to him through Dors Venabili’s intervention. He was dissatisfied. As a matter of fact, although that was the expression he used in his mind, he knew that it was a gross underestimation of his feelings. He was not simply dissatisfied, he was furious-all the more so because he wasn’t sure what it was he was furious about. Was it about the histories? The writers and compilers of histories? The worlds and people that made the histories? Whatever the target of his fury, it didn’t really matter. What counted was that his notes were useless, his new knowledge was useless, everything was useless. He had been at the University now for almost six weeks. He had managed to find a computer outlet at the very start and with it had begun work-without instruction, but using the instincts he had developed over a number of years of mathematical labors. It had been slow and halting, but there was a certain pleas ure in gradually determining the routes by which he could get his questions answered. Then came the week of instruction with Dors, which had taught him several dozen shortcuts and had brought with it two sets of embarrassments. The first set included the sidelong glances he received from the undergraduates, who seemed contemptuously aware of his greater age and who were disposed to frown a bit at Dors’s constant use of the honorific â€Å"Doctor† in addressing him. â€Å"I don’t want them to think,† she said, â€Å"that you’re some backward perpetual student taking remedial history.† â€Å"But surely you’ve established the point. Surely, a mere ‘Seldon’ is sufficient now.† â€Å"No,† Dors said and smiled suddenly. â€Å"Besides, I like to call you ‘Dr. Seldon.’ I like the way you look uncomfortable each time.† â€Å"You have a peculiar sense of sadistic humor.† â€Å"Would you deprive me?† For some reason, that made him laugh. Surely, the natural reaction would have been to deny sadism. Somehow he found it pleasant that she accepted the ball of conversation and fired it back. The thought led to a natural question. â€Å"Do you play tennis here at the University?† â€Å"We have courts, but I don’t play.† â€Å"Good. I’ll teach you. And when I do, I’ll call you Professor Venabili.† â€Å"That’s what you call me in class anyway.† â€Å"You’ll be surprised how ridiculous it will sound on the tennis court.† â€Å"I may get to like it.† â€Å"In that case, I will try to find what else you might get to like.† â€Å"I see you have a peculiar sense of salacious humor.† She had put that ball in that spot deliberately and he said, â€Å"Would you deprive me?† She smiled and later did surprisingly well on the tennis court. â€Å"Are you sure you never played tennis?† he said, puffing, after one session. â€Å"Positive,† she said. The other set of embarrassments was more private. He learned the necessary techniques of historical research and then burned-in private-at his earlier attempts to make use of the computer’s memory. It was simply an entirely different mind-set from that used in mathematics. It was equally logical, he supposed, since it could be used, consistently and without error, to move in whatever direction he wanted to, but it was a substantially different brand of logic from that to which he was accustomed. But with or without instructions, whether he stumbled or moved in swiftly, he simply didn’t get any results. His annoyance made itself felt on the tennis court. Dors quickly reached the stage where it was no longer necessary to lob easy balls at her to give her time to judge direction and distance. That made it easy to forget that she was just a beginner and he expressed his anger in his swing, firing the ball back at her as though it were a laser beam made solid. She came trotting up to the net and said, â€Å"I can understand your wanting to kill me, since it must annoy you to watch me miss the shots so often. How is it, though, that you managed to miss my head by about three centimeters that time? I mean, you didn’t even nick me. Can’t you do better than that?† Seldon, horrified, tried to explain, but only managed to sound incoherent. She said, â€Å"Look. I’m not going to face any other returns of yours today, so why don’t we shower and then get together for some tea and whatever and you can tell me just what you were trying to kill. If it wasn’t my poor head and if you don’t get the real victim off your chest, you’ll be entirely too dangerous on the other side of the net for me to want to serve as a target.† Over tea he said, â€Å"Dors, I’ve scanned history after history; just scanned, browsed. I haven’t had time for deep study yet. Even so, it’s become obvious. All the book-films concentrate on the same few events.† â€Å"Crucial ones. History-making ones.† â€Å"That’s just an excuse. They’re copying each other. There are twenty-five million worlds out there and there’s significant mention of perhaps twenty-five.† Dors said, â€Å"You’re reading general Galactic histories only. Look up the special histories of some of the minor worlds. On every world, however small, the children are taught local histories before they ever find out there’s a great big Galaxy outside. Don’t you yourself know more about Helicon, right now, than you know about the rise of Trantor or of the Great Interstellar War?† â€Å"That sort of knowledge is limited too,† said Seldon gloomily. â€Å"I know Heliconian geography and the stories of its settlement and of the malfeasance and misfeasance of the planet Jennisek-that’s our traditional enemy, though our teachers carefully told us that we ought to say ‘traditional rival.’ But I never learned anything about the contributions of Helicon to general Galactic history.† â€Å"Maybe there weren’t any.† â€Å"Don’t be silly. Of course there were. There may not have been great, huge space battles involving Helicon or crucial rebellions or peace treaties. There may not have been some Imperial competitor making his base on Helicon. But there must have been subtle influences. Surely, nothing can happen anywhere without affecting everywhere else. Yet there’s nothing I can find to help me. See here, Dors. In mathematics, all can be found in the computer; everything we know or have found out in twenty thousand years. In history, that’s not so. Historians pick and choose and every one of them picks and chooses the same thing.† â€Å"But, Hari,† said Dors, â€Å"mathematics is an orderly thing of human invention. One thing follows from another. There are definitions and axioms, all of which are known. It is†¦ it is†¦ all one piece. History is different. It is the unconscious working out of the deeds and thoughts of quadrillions of human beings. Historians must pick and choose.† â€Å"Exactly,† said Seldon, â€Å"but I must know all of history if I am to work out the laws of psychohistory.† â€Å"In that case, you won’t ever formulate the laws of psychohistory.† That was yesterday. Now Seldon sat in his chair in his alcove, having spent another day of utter failure, and he could hear Dors’s voice saying, â€Å"In that case, you won’t ever formulate the laws of psychohistory.† It was what he had thought to begin with and if it hadn’t been for Hummin’s conviction to the contrary and his odd ability to fire Seldon with his own blaze of conviction, Seldon would have continued to think so. And yet neither could he quite let go. Might there not be some way out? He couldn’t think of any. How to cite Prelude to Foundation Chapter 4 Library, Essay examples