Factors in Organisational Behaviour

Factors in Organisational Behaviour Organizational behavior is the study and application of knowledge of how people and groups of people act in an organization. An organization thrives on the vision set, management philosophies, values and the leadership. The culture of a specific organization determines the type of leadership, communication, group dynamics and human capital. Good leadership is vital for a business to survive in this digital age. Leadership is about coping with change. Leadership is the ability to influence a group of people towards the achievement of set goals. Effective leadership is owed to initiation where a leader is likely to define the structure of his role and those under him, as well as consideration for all by having mutual trust and respect. Communicating in any organization leads to maximum utilization of opportunities and also serves as an eliminator of all threats that can lead to the failure of an organization. A good communication system leads to improved relationships between the players hence a good working environment is created. In an organization where the working environment is available, the personnel comes together in teams to discuss the organizations goals and also team work is applied in the realization of goals. Human capital is the stock of competences, knowledge, habits and personality attributes. The concept of human capital recognizes that not all the workers in an organization are the same. It is the knowledge that the attributes of each person can be used productively in a commercial context. In the place that is the organization, with human capital and communication to direct the organization, self-assessment is imperative.If done properly can benefit an organization a whole lot more. Self-evaluat ion is important to performance appraisal to a company hence very profitable to human capital as well as organization leadership. Self evaluation gives leaders broader perspective. A manager receives better insight into an employee’s performance and their general perceptions and believes regarding a job. Manager’s work closely with their employees but it is not enough to understand all the factors that affect them. Through self assessments, managers get a closer look at factors that affect employees their performance and their motivation. These evaluations help the employees communicate their needs, strengths and weakness to their leaders’ thus increasing efficiency at the work place. Self evaluation promotes communication in regards to performance. A self assessment is a communication tool that leaders use to spark discussion between them and their employees. An employee provides relevant background information in his assessment which serves as an opportunity for their employer to know them better. Effective organizational management requires communication to flow both ways between the leader and the led. Employees are able to bring to light their priorities, challenges faced and general discussions about performance. Self evaluations are also beneficial in helping an organization revise their communication ways from top down to a two way dialogue which if includes in the organizations culture can prove very crucial. Self evaluation aids in solving issues before the review meeting. The assessment enables employees to flag their in perception of their performance before the review meeting is held. The self appraisal enables a manger to be ready for the review meeting thus making it easier to have a fruitful discussion and fair performance ratings. The assessment is really important in the review meeting considering a leader can use to assess the employee by either guiding his perception through, or redirecting his assessment. Engaging employees in the managerial process is crucial as it gives one a sense of belonging and responsibility. The self appraisal is beneficial as it enables participatory management. Good leadership allows participation in major decision making by employees. This active participation is beneficial in engaging both the employee and managers in performance and conclusive review processes and discussions. Diversity means the differences in people(. Some people let diversity get in the way of their relationships in the place of work which in turn affects performance. Successful organizations encourage employees to embrace diversity in the workplace by applying team work in different jobs given to them. Organizations encourage team work as peoples differences can be used to boost the quality of work. As Abraham Lincoln suggest united we stand, divided we fall, it is a good practice to have oneness in an organization. Sometimes diversity is not an easy situation to deal with. Sometimes individuals have enmity or no relationship at all. This is where diversity management comes in. Diversity sometimes leads to prejudice in a working space. Prejudice is blatant negative stereotyping of some people due to their different way of approaching things. Prejudice might be due to personal traits and sometimes social learning (Al-amki 2002). In both cases it can be prevented and curbed not to affect business. Prejudice can be reduced through some basic approaches such as persuasive communication, education contact and therapy According to Farley (2000) persuasive communication is any form of communication written, verbal or visual. As studied in organizational behavior, communication is vital in joining different groups of people in achieving the set organizational goal. Communication therefore becomes fundamental in the reduction of prejudice. Using assertiveness as a way of communicating our needs, wants and desires known to others can be used to reduce or rather eliminate prejudice. Assertiveness is defined as the power we use to make other people aware of our needs, wants and desires (AL-amki2002) Different people express themselves differently hence it’s next to impossible to change people’s level of assertiveness. Communication is used to make sure that two different people with different levels of assertiveness can discuss their opinions and express their points by adjusting their level of assertiveness to meet each others’. For two people who have different views and believes about something, prejudice is likely to crop up. For this to be eliminated one could send out a message with credible sources about the topic in question in an attempt to bring about a change in attitude to the highly prejudiced individuals (Cox Blake 1991). Though communication is crucial in dealing with diversity and prejudice, sometimes it does not work because highly prejudiced people tend to hold onto their belief and do not like them to be challenged. To ensure communication is effective in solving prejudice, ensure your message is clear and easy to understand and that a highly regarded person conveys the message. Prejudice can also be solved through education. Education is beneficial in reducing prejudice when it is not in an advanced stage and if personal disorders are not dominant (Farley, 2000). Farley further suggests that if a person is not prejudiced due to social learning, education can be successful in reducing prejudice. The act of imparting knowledge to an individual is in itself good enough a chance to make people as part of the process of change. One of the best methods of solving the issue of prejudice in an organization is through intergroup contact. Intergroup hypothesis suggests that the contact has to be superficial (Farley 2000). If people have casual contact, they should not expect to end prejudice. For prejudice to end, the people involved should be in contact with each other and therefore in the same environment. The reason why intergroup contact is better than education and communication is because, it is practice, is voluntary and does not involve intermediaries (Cox Bl ake1991). It is more of influencing each other to do the right thing. Therapy is also used in an attempt to reduce prejudice when prejudiced people have personality problems. If it is a personality issue, resolve the issue that led to prejudice and then try talking the person into dealing with one’s insecurities without blaming prejudice. According to Farley, people should stop blaming prejudice for all the problems they face. Organizational behaviour studies the actions of people in an organization in relation to achievement of goals. Self appraisal, as discussed in this write up is beneficial to a company that seeks to grow and have a good human capital that relates well with its leadership. The leadership of an organization must foster good communication to ensure all the personnel participate in the management of the team hence achievement of both personal and organizational goals. The management is also responsible for communicating with its employees to understand diversity hence reducing diversity in the working environment. Stereotyping is a bad vice that can lead to deteriorating working conditions hence reducing efficiency in the place of work. Diversity like all other differences should spark creativity in leaders by allowing them to use the different attributes of every personnel to create a unique organization hence reducing prejudice. In conclusion organizations should embrace self evaluation to improve on appraisal strategies and at the same time reduce prejudice since in this digital era; diverse employees find themselves in the same working place. BIBLIOGRAPHY Al-Lamki S. M. (2002). Orientation: The essential ingredient in cross-cultural management, International Journal of Management, 19, 568. Cox T. H., Blake S (1991). Managing cultural diversity: Implications for organizational competitiveness. Academy of Management Executive, 5, 45-56 Farley S. 2000 Minority studies: reducing prejudice: how achievable? How important? Knippenberg D. V de Dreu C. K. W., Homan A. C. (2004). Work group diversity and group Performance: An integrative model and research agenda. Journal of Applied Psychology,

A Deserted Village

He stood there by the road after three long decades overlooking the land which he once called his evergreen village of Ago. Then, it was a haven of peace, now, only a hub for centralization and a fast moving life. A village which was once covered with a never ending evergreen canopy and vast stretches of lush green fields now stood there naked with a concrete Jungle of buildings and structures and barren fields. A tear rolled down Padres Bernadine old wrinkled scarred cheek seeing the fate of his village. He couldn't console of something so dear that he had lost.He started walking the winding road down the hill, towards his village, taking one agonizing step at a time. The padre could still vividly hear the shouts and cries of laughter of his childhood days that he spent with his friends playing and plucking fruits and all the adventurous exploits they enjoyed doing on this very hill and the assistant church bell chimes, reminding the village folk the time for prayer and the children as well, so as to be back home before the † angelus† or else get † Main's adaptation† ( grandma's shouting) or if worse † matcher Dimmit† ( kneeling on salt).The hill now deserted and the church bell not to be heard with all the hype and bizarre traffic noise. He stopped abruptly on his trail, not wanting to Journey further to the place which he dreaded the most now. Already maimed and not wanting to be more, he diverted and mapped his way onto the hillside, off the road to a special spot where he spent much of his quality time as a youth.It overlooked the entire village, the church, the fields, a perfect panoramic view that would soothe a tense mind and soul. He sat there by himself on a rock, which was a tablet on which were the faint inscriptions of the past, the names of his peers and his, now worn out over the years.

Divorce. Everybody Knows The Word And Many People Deal

Divorce. Everybody knows the word and many people deal with it, but does it have a negative effect on children? Some people who have experienced divorce as a child might have differing opinions, but the main consensus is that it does have a negative effect on children. When parents have to go through divorce, it can often cause a tear in the family and the family’s chemistry. Children often grow up without a mother or without a father because of this tragic outcome, but in other cases, the mother and the father both stay in the child’s life. It may not be in unity, but this is often the case. Divorce has a negative effect of children and may affect their ability to form relationships based on trust and love and their development of social†¦show more content†¦This effect could cause a child to never fully trust someone when given a first impression. One last effect on the trust of a child due to the divorce of their parents, is the fear of being rejected. When feeling rejected, this may cause the child to always feel like they are not worth others time and will lose trust in any relationship they may be a part of in the future. The fear stays with the child throughout their adulthood. It may not be a conscious thought of being rejected, but when one is turned down it may trigger a repressed memory relating back to the divorce. Trust is that one thing, that a relationship needs to hold on to, and when the relationship loses trust, it loses much more. Love is a beautiful word. Love is the first thing someone experiences when they start to develop a conscious. The mothers, the fathers, the brothers, or the sisters, are the first people that a normal child will show affection to. When growing up, everybody has that one thing in common. We are taught it from the first words, to say â€Å"I love you† or to ask somebody for love. However, when the child comes home from school, or when the teenager comes home from work and hears words suc h as â€Å"I do not love you anymore, we should get a divorce,† the whole perspective of the word love changes in that person. Those little things can completely change the outlook on life and love. FormingShow MoreRelatedMarriage by Gregory Corso1646 Words   |  7 Pagescircumstances asked by young eligible men. Yet these rhetorical questions seem to have the answers, sarcastic and satirical answers hidden in them. The speaker of the poem, a young man, ponders if he should â€Å"be good† (line 1). Being â€Å"good† is what everybody expects you to be, and the definition of this â€Å"good† that is talked about has nothing to do with morality. Rather, being good is just the action of conforming to society’s expectations of one’s actions and behavior. He contemplates what a date withRead MoreKipnis What Is Love?1520 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is Love? Does anyone really know the meaning of the word? Does it have a different meaning to diffe rent people? In Kipnis’s essay â€Å"Love Labors†, Laura Kipnis touches on many different aspects of love. This is a touchy subject simply because love brings out many different opinions and beliefs. Kipnis argues over the fact that in order to have a good relationship and love someone people have to be able to meet certain requirements, which are mutuality, communication, and advanced intimacy. LoveRead Moreâ€Å"Drugs Take You To Hell Disguised As Heaven† 8 Simple Words1396 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Drugs take you to hell disguised as heaven† 8 simple words but they mean much more, drug therapist ,Donald Lynn Frost, said this. He’s talking about how the drugs have a person feeling like they’re in heaven, but they are really just putting deeper into a own personal hell. The people of the 70’s know this feeling, in their society drugs were everywhere were a normal part of life. The 70’s culture was something that dealt with rights, rebellion, and particularly women’s rights. Women’s rightsRead MoreFamily Is The Head Of Our Family1377 Words   |  6 Pagescalled my mother and I was told to walk home and put a pad on. I had no clue what a pad was but my teacher gave me one. My house was three houses from the school, and all the teachers, principle, guidance consoler all knew my parents, so it was no big deal when they told them to let me go home and clean myself up. My teacher just watched me go home. No one ever talk to me about a period or what I would feel like, or even what it was doing to my body. I just learned every month when my period came onRead MoreTo What Extent Is a Counsellor More Than Just a Good Listener? in Your Discussion We Would Like You to Draw on Key Elements That Form the Practise of Counselling. in Addition We Would Like You to Consider Your Own1821 Words   |  8 Pageswould like you to consider your own qualiti es and skills and identify what you need to do to progress in the profession. This century has seen a rise in counselling services. We have counsellors for specific diseases, addictions, depression, divorce, name the problem and we seem to have a ‘therapist’ for it. So what are counsellors? Do we need them? Is that not what friends and family are for, to listen and help us through difficult times? Is a counsellor just a ‘paid friend’? Can anyoneRead MoreDescribe how jurors qualify and are selected for service8752 Words   |  36 Pagesdictionary meaning of a word or phrase and apply it to the case in hand. This rule leads to absurd and unjust results. The literal rule occurred in LNER V Berriman case. An Act made it a duty to provide a look-out man wherever a railwayman was ‘repairing or relaying’ the track. His employer didn’t provide him with a look-out man and Mr Berriman was killed by a train. Mr Berriman’s widow claimed compensation, but was unsuccessful. The courts applied the literal rule and the words ‘repairing and relaying’Read MoreThe Inescapable Past of â€Å"Babylon Revisited† by F. Scott Fitzgerald1713 Words   |  7 PagesThe main theme in the short story â€Å"Babylon Revisited† is that you can’t repeat the past. Charlie has a lot of hope for the future, but his guilt from the past catches up with him. He tries to forget about the Pari s he used to know, but memories from the past haunts him throughout the story. His past is inescapable and he has to pay great debts when the party comes to an end. â€Å"Babylon Revisited†, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald was published in 1931. 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Family My Family Health Background - 1235 Words

My Family Health Background Denise Xylia Lagua California State University, East Bay My Family Health Background Family medical history is relevant for everyone to know and understand. It can be helpful in determining the kind of lifestyle a person should adapt in order to live longer and better. My family, which includes my paternal and maternal great-grandparents, my paternal and maternal grandparents, and my parents, is from the Philippines. Our traditions have not changed until my parents (Romeo and Luz Lagua) migrated to the United States of America in 1991, where they adapted a new way of living. It was not until the late 2000s that they found out that they both had health illnesses that are incurable. Fortunately, they were able to find excellent healthcare providers, get a diagnosis of their conditions, and receive the proper treatments. As I was analyzing my family tree, it was difficult to find further medical information about my paternal and maternal great-grandparents and my maternal grandparents. My parents and thei r siblings do not know much about their grandparents’ and my maternal grandparents’ medical histories. However, I was able to retrieve medical information about my paternal and maternal grandparents, as well as my parents’ medical information. There are a few health conditions that run in my family: high blood pressure, Multiple Myeloma, Type 1 Diabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes. Marcos Lagua is my paternal grandfather. He was diagnosed with highShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of The Heritage Assessment1373 Words   |  6 Pagesof quality health services to an increasingly diverse population. The approach is of critical importance, especially in the United States of America where a good proportion of the population is comprised of the immigrants who come from all over the world. 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The use of heritage assessment tools helps healthcare providers evaluate and look at someone’s heritage, as well as traditional health methods used to maintain health, protect health, and restore health; by applying these concepts it helps healthcare professionals deal with a person’s physical, mental, and spiritual beliefs. Different cultures have different values and beliefs of health, disease, illness, birth, and death;Read Mo reThe Book Spirit Catches You And You Fall Down By Anne Fadiman794 Words   |  4 Pagesregarding health care. I am impressed and touched by the story very much. In this book, the author described a tragic story about a Hmong girl Lia. The conflict and difference between western treatment and the belief in Hmong typical family, Lee family towards the struggling with Lia’s epilepsy in the major plot of the book. 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It also helps in opening a pathway for effective communication between the patient and health care provider to understand ones culture, beliefs, as well as their health traditions. The greater

Investigating The Risk Factors Among Youth Within The...

Examining the Risk Factors Among Youth Within the Juvenile Justice System: Can We Predict if a Child Will End Up in the Criminal Justice System? Clare Fenty Alfred University Table of Contents Abstract †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...4 CHAPTER 1 Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...6 Problem Statement †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...6 Rationale †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...7 CHAPTER 2 Literature Review †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 Theories on Juvenile Delinquency †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....8 Individual Risk Factors †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...10 Family Risk Factors †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.12 Community Risk Factors †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦15 School and Academic Performance †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...15 Church and Religious Affiliation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...17†¦show more content†¦Results of the analysis indicates that whereas there is a potential for a single risk factor to predict criminal behavior among the youth, the Keywords: 1. Juvenile delinquency: An offense committed by a child who is between 7 and 15 years old. All juvenile delinquency cases are heard in family courts. It is not treated the same as adults (Juvenile Justice Process, 2016) 2. Minors: In most states, minors are defined as individuals who are below 18 years old. The term is sometimes used simultaneously with juveniles, children, and youth. Their offenses are not called crimes but delinquent acts (Thomson Reuters, 2017). 3. Juvenile justice system. A branch of the criminal justice system that is responsible for handling youth who are charged of a criminal offense. The juvenile justice system intervenes through the police, family courts, and rehabilitation facilities. 4. Risk factors. These are elements, to which when a subject is exposed to, increase the likelihood that he or she will develop the problem behavior (Shader, 2001). Risk factors are not necessarily causes though. 5. Protective factors. 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Prelude to Foundation Chapter 4 Library Free Essays

string(114) " for across the room he saw a red light flashing brightly and rapidly, accompanied by a harsh, intermittent buzz\." VENABILI, DORS-†¦ Historian, born in Cinna†¦ Her life might well have continued on its uneventful course were it not for the fact that, after she had spent two years on the faculty of Streeling University, she became involved with the young Hari Seldon during The Flight†¦ Encyclopedia Galactica 16. The room that Hari Seldon found himself in was larger than Hummin’s room in the Imperial Sector. It was a bedroom with one corner serving as a washroom and with no sign of any cooking or dining facilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Prelude to Foundation Chapter 4 Library or any similar topic only for you Order Now There was no window, though set in the ceiling was a grilled ventilator that made a steady sighing noise. Seldon looked about a bit ruefully. Hummin interpreted that look with his usual assured manner and said, â€Å"It’s only for tonight, Seldon. Tomorrow morning someone will come to install you at the University and you will be more comfortable.† â€Å"Pardon me, Hummin, but how do you know that?† â€Å"I will make arrangements. I know one or two people here†-he smiled briefly without humor-â€Å"and I have a favor or two I can ask repayment for. Now let’s go into some details.† He gazed steadily at Seldon and said, â€Å"Whatever you have left in your hotel room is lost. Does that include anything irreplaceable?† â€Å"Nothing really irreplaceable. I have some personal items I value for their association with my past life, but if they are gone, they are gone. There are, of course, some notes on my paper. Some calculations. The paper itself.† â€Å"Which is now public knowledge until such time as it is removed from circulation as dangerous-which it probably will be. Still, I’ll be able to get my hands on a copy, I’m sure. In any case, you can reconstruct it, can’t you?† â€Å"I can. That’s why I said there was nothing really irreplaceable. Also, I’ve lost nearly a thousand credits, some books, clothing, my tickets back to Helicon, things like that.† â€Å"All replaceable.-Now I will arrange for you to have a credit tile in my name, charged to me. That will take care of ordinary expenses.† â€Å"That’s unusually generous of you. I can’t accept it.† â€Å"It’s not generous at all, since I’m hoping to save the Empire in that fashion. You must accept it.† â€Å"But how much can you afford, Hummin? I’ll be using it, at best, with an uneasy conscience.† â€Å"Whatever you need for survival or reasonable comfort I can afford, Seldon. Naturally, I wouldn’t want you to try to buy the University gymnasium or hand out a million credits in largess.† â€Å"You needn’t worry, but with my name on record-â€Å" â€Å"It might as well be. It is absolutely forbidden for the Imperial government to exercise any security control over the University or its members. There is complete freedom. Anything can be discussed here, anything can be said here.† â€Å"What about violent crime?† â€Å"Then the University authorities themselves handle it, with reason and care-and there are virtually no crimes of violence. The students and faculty appreciate their freedom and understand its terms. Too much rowdiness, the beginning of riot and bloodshed, and the government may feel it has a right to break the unwritten agreement and send in the troops. No one wants that, not even the government, so a delicate balance is maintained. In other words, Demerzel himself can not have you plucked out of the University without a great deal more cause than anyone in the University has given the government in at least a century and a half. On the other hand, if you are lured off the grounds by a student-agent-â€Å" â€Å"Are there student-agents?† â€Å"How can I say? There may be. Any ordinary individual can be threatened or maneuvered or simply bought-and may remain thereafter in the service of Demerzel or of someone else, for that matter. So I must emphasize this: You are safe in any reasonable sense, but no one is absolutely safe. You will have to be careful. But though I give you that warning, I don’t want you to cower through life. On the whole, you will be far more secure here than you would have been if you had returned to Helicon or gone to any world of the Galaxy outside Trantor.† â€Å"I hope so,† said Seldon drearily. â€Å"I know so,† said Hummin, â€Å"Or I would not feel it wise to leave you.† â€Å"Leave me?† Seldon looked up sharply. â€Å"You can’t do that. You know this world. I don’t.† â€Å"You will be with others who know this world, who know this part of it, in fact, even better than I do. As for myself, I must go. I have been with you all this day and I dare not abandon my own life any longer. I must not attract too much attention to myself. Remember that I have my own insecurities, just as you have yours.† Seldon blushed. â€Å"You’re right. I can’t expect you to endanger yourself indefinitely on my behalf. I hope you are not already ruined.† Hummin said coolly, â€Å"Who can tell? We live in dangerous times. Just remember that if anyone can make the times safe-if not for ourselves, then for those who follow after us-it is you. Let that thought be your driving force, Seldon.† 17. Sleep eluded Seldon. He tossed and turned in the dark, thinking. He had have never felt quite so alone or quite so helpless as he did after Hummin had nodded, pressed his hand briefly, and left him behind. Now he was on a strange world-and in a strange part of that world. He was without the only person he could consider a friend (and that of less than a day’s duration) and he had no idea of where he was going or what he would be doing, either tomorrow or at any time in the future. None of that was conducive to sleep so, of course, at about the time he decided, hopelessly, that he would not sleep that night or, possibly, ever again, exhaustion overtook him†¦ When he woke up it was still dark-or not quite, for across the room he saw a red light flashing brightly and rapidly, accompanied by a harsh, intermittent buzz. You read "Prelude to Foundation Chapter 4 Library" in category "Essay examples" Undoubtedly, it was that which had awakened him. As he tried to remember where he was and to make some sort of sense out of the limited messages his senses were receiving, the flashing and buzzing ceased and he became aware of a peremptory rapping. Presumably, the rapping was at the door, but he didn’t remember where the door was. Presumably, also, there was a contact that would flood the room with light, but he didn’t remember where that was either. He sat up in bed and felt along the wall to his left rather desperately while calling out, â€Å"One moment, please.† He found the necessary contact and the room suddenly bloomed with a soft light. He scrambled out of bed, blinking, still searching for the door, finding it, reaching out to open it, remembering caution at the last moment, and saying in a suddenly stern, no-nonsense voice, â€Å"Who’s there?† A rather gentle woman’s voice said, â€Å"My dame is Dors Venabili and I have come to see Dr. Hari Seldon.† Even as that was said, a woman was standing just in front of the door, without that door ever having been opened. For a moment, Hari Seldon stared at her in surprise, then realized that he was wearing only a one-piece undergarment. He let out a strangled gasp and dashed for the bed and only then realized that he was staring at a holograph. It lacked the hard edge of reality and it became apparent the woman wasn’t looking at him. She was merely showing herself for identification. He paused, breathing hard, then said, raising his voice to be heard through the door, â€Å"If you’ll wait, I’ll be with you. Give me†¦ maybe half an hour.† The woman-or the holograph, at any rate-said, â€Å"I’ll wait,† and disappeared. There was no shower, so he sponged himself, making a rare mess on the tiled floor in the washroom corner. There was toothpaste but no toothbrush, so he used his finger. He had no choice but to put on the clothes he had been wearing the day before. He finally opened the door. He realized, even as he did so, that she had not really identified herself. She had merely given a name and Hummin had not told him whom to expect, whether it was to be this Dors Somebody or anyone else. He had felt secure because the holograph was that of a personable young woman, but for all he knew there might be half a dozen hostile young men with her. He peered out cautiously, saw only the woman, then opened the door sufficiently to allow her to enter. He immediately closed and locked the door behind her. â€Å"Pardon me,† he said, â€Å"What time is it?† â€Å"Nine,† she said, â€Å"The day has long since begun.† As far as official time was concerned, Trantor held to Galactic Standard, since only so could sense be made out of interstellar commerce and governmental dealings. Each world, however, also had a local time system and Seldon had not yet come to the point where he felt at home with casual Trantorian references to the hour. â€Å"Midmorning?† he said. â€Å"Of course.† â€Å"There are no windows in this room,† he said defensively. Dors walked to his bed, reached out, and touched a small dark spot on the wall. Red numbers appeared on the ceiling just over his pillow. They read: 0903. She smiled without superiority. â€Å"I’m sorry,† she said. â€Å"But I rather assumed Chetter Hummin would have told you I’d be coming for you at nine. The trouble with him is he’s so used to knowing, he sometimes forgets that others occasionally don’t know.-And I shouldn’t have used radio-holographic identification. I imagine you don’t have it on Helicon and I’m afraid I must have alarmed you.† Seldon felt himself relax. She seemed natural and friendly and the casual reference to Hummin reassured him. He said, â€Å"You’re quite wrong about Helicon, Miss-â€Å" â€Å"Please call me Dors.† â€Å"You’re still wrong about Helicon, Dors. We do have radioholography, but I’ve never been able to afford the equipment. Nor could anyone in my circle, so I haven’t actually had the experience. But I understood what had happened soon enough.† He studied her. She was not very tall, average height for a woman, he judged. Her hair was a reddish-gold, though not very bright, and was arranged in shore curls about her head. (He had seen a number of women in Trantor with their hair so arranged. It was apparently a local fashion that would have been laughed at in Helicon.) She was not amazingly beautiful, but was quite pleasant to look at, this being helped by full lips that seemed to have a slight humorous curl to them. She was slim, well-built, and looked quite young. (Too young, he thought uneasily, to be of use perhaps.) â€Å"Do I pass inspection?† she asked. (She seemed to have Hummin’s trick of guessing his thoughts, Seldon thought, or perhaps he himself lacked the trick of hiding them.) He said, â€Å"I’m sorry. I seem to have been staring, but I’ve only been trying to evaluate you. I’m in a strange place. I know no one and have no friends.† â€Å"Please, Dr. Seldon, count me as a friend. Mr. Hummin has asked me to take care of you.† Seldon smiled ruefully. â€Å"You may be a little young for the job.† â€Å"You’ll find I am not.† â€Å"Well, I’ll try to be as little trouble as possible. Could you please repeat your name?† â€Å"Dors Venabili.† She spelled the last name and emphasized the stress on the second syllable. â€Å"As I said, please call me Dors and if you don’t object too strenuously I will call you Hari. We’re quite informal here at the University and there is an almost self-conscious effort to show no signs of status, either inherited or professional.† â€Å"Please, by all means, call me Hari.† â€Å"Good. I shall remain informal then. For instance, the instinct for formality, if there is such a thing, would cause me to ask permission to sit down. Informally, however, I shall just sit.† She then sat down on the one chair in the room. Seldon cleared his throat. â€Å"Clearly, I’m not at all in possession of my ordinary faculties. I should have asked you to sit.† He sat down on the side of his crumpled bed and wished he had thought to straighten it out somewhat-but he had been caught by surprise. She said pleasantly, â€Å"This is how it’s going to work, Hari. First, we’ll go to breakfast at one of the University cafes. Then I’ll get you a room in one of the domiciles-a better room than this. You’ll have a window. Hummin has instructed me to get you a credit tile in his name, but it will take me a day or two to extort one out of the University bureaucracy. Until that’s done, I’ll be responsible for your expenses and you can pay me back later.-And we can use you. Chetter Hummin told me you’re a mathematician and for some reason there’s a serious lack of good ones at the University.† â€Å"Did Hummin tell you that I was a good mathematician?† â€Å"As a matter of fact, he did. He said you were a remarkable man-â€Å" â€Å"Well.† Seldon looked down at his fingernails. â€Å"I would like to be considered so, but Hummin knew me for less than a day and, before that, he had heard me present a paper, the quality of which he has no way of judging. I think he was just being polite.† â€Å"I don’t think so,† said Dors. â€Å"He is a remarkable person himself and has had a great deal of experience with people. I’ll go by his judgment. In any case, I imagine you’ll have a chance to prove yourself. You can program computers, I suppose.† â€Å"Of course.† â€Å"I’m talking about teaching computers, you understand, and I’m asking if you can devise programs to teach various phases of contemporary mathematics.† â€Å"Yes, that’s part of my profession. I’m assistant professor of mathematics at the University of Helicon.† She said, â€Å"Yes, I know. Hummin told me that. It means, of course, that everyone will know you are a non-Trantorian, but that will present no serious problems. We’re mainly Trantorian here at the University, but there’s a substantial minority of Outworlders from any number of different worlds and that’s accepted. I won’t say that you’ll never hear a planetary slur but actually the Outworlders are more likely to use them than the Trantorians. I’m an Outworlder myself, by the way.† â€Å"Oh?† He hesitated and then decided it would be only polite to ask. â€Å"What world are you from?† â€Å"I’m from Cinna. Have you ever heard of it?† He’d be caught out if he was polite enough to lie, Seldon decided, so he said, â€Å"No.† â€Å"I’m not surprised. It’s probably of even less account than Helicon is. Anyway, to get back to the programming of mathematical teaching computers, I suppose that that can be done either proficiently or poorly.† â€Å"Absolutely.† â€Å"And you would do it proficiently.† â€Å"I would like to think so.† â€Å"There you are, then. The University will pay you for that, so let’s go out and eat. Did you sleep well, by the way?† â€Å"Surprisingly, I did.† â€Å"And are you hungry?† â€Å"Yes, but-† He hesitated. She said cheerfully, â€Å"But you’re worried about the quality of the food, is that it? Well, don’t be. Being an Outworlder myself, I can understand your feelings about the strong infusion of microfood into everything, but the University menus aren’t bad. In the faculty dining room, at least. The students suffer a bit, but that serves to harden them.† She rose and turned to the door, but stopped when Seldon could not keep himself from saying, â€Å"Are you a member of the faculty?† She turned and smiled at him impishly. â€Å"Don’t I look old enough? I got my doctorate two years ago at Cinna and I’ve been here ever since. In two weeks, I’ll be thirty.† â€Å"Sorry,† said Seldon, smiling in his turn, â€Å"but you can’t expect to look twenty-four and not raise doubts as to your academic status.† â€Å"Aren’t you nice?† said Dors and Seldon felt a certain pleasure wash over him. After all, he thought, you can’t exchange pleasantries with an attractive woman and feel entirely like a stranger. 18. Dors was right. Breakfast was by no means bad. There was something that was unmistakably eggy and the meat was pleasantly smoked. The chocolate drink (Trantor was strong on chocolate and Seldon did not mind that) was probably synthetic, but it was tasty and the breakfast rolls were good. He felt is only right to say as much. â€Å"This has been a very pleasant breakfast. Food. Surroundings. Everything.† â€Å"I’m delighted you think so,† said Dors. Seldon looked about. There were a bank of windows in one wall and while actual sunlight did not enter (he wondered if, after a while, he would learn to be satisfied with diffuse daylight and would cease to look for patches of sunlight in a room), the place was light enough. In fact, it was quite bright, for the local weather computer had apparently decided is was time for a sharp, clear day. The cables were arranged for four apiece and most were occupied by the full number, but Dors and Seldon remained alone at theirs. Dors had called over some of the men and women and had introduced them. All had been polite, but none had joined them. Undoubtedly, Dors intended that to be so, but Seldon did not see how she managed to arrange it. He said, â€Å"You haven’t introduced me to any mathematicians, Dors.† â€Å"I haven’t seen any that I know. Most mathematicians start the day early and have classes by eight. My own feeling is that any student so foolhardy as to take mathematics wants to get that part of the course over with as soon as possible.† â€Å"I take it you’re not a mathematician yourself.† â€Å"Anything but,† said Dors with a short laugh. â€Å"Anything. History is my field. I’ve already published some studies on the rise of Trantor-I mean the primitive kingdom, not this world. I suppose that will end up as my field of specialization-Royal Trantor.† â€Å"Wonderful,† said Seldon. â€Å"Wonderful?† Dors looked at him quizzically. â€Å"Are you interested in Royal Trantor too?† â€Å"In a way, yes. That and other things like that. I’ve never really studied history and I should have.† â€Å"Should you? If you had studied history, you’d scarcely have had time to study mathematics and mathematicians are very much needed-especially at this University. We’re full to here with historians,† she said, raising her hand to her eyebrows, â€Å"and economists and political scientists, but we’re short on science and mathematics. Chetter Hummin pointed that out to me once. He called it the decline of science and seemed to think it was a general phenomenon.† Seldon said, â€Å"Of course, when I say I should have studied history, I don’t mean that I should have made it a life work. I meant I should have studied enough to help me in my mathematics. My field of specialization is the mathematical analysis of social structure.† â€Å"Sounds horrible.† â€Å"In a way, it is. It’s very complicated and without my knowing a great deal more about how societies evolved it’s hopeless. My picture is too static, you see.† â€Å"I can’t see because I know nothing about it. Chetter told me you were developing something called psychohistory and that it was important. Have I got it right? Psychohistory?† â€Å"That’s right. I should have called it ‘psychosociology,’ but it seemed to me that was too ugly a word. Or perhaps I knew instinctively that a knowledge of history was necessary and then didn’t pay sufficient attention to my thoughts.† â€Å"Psychohistory does sound better, but I don’t know what it is.† â€Å"I scarcely do myself.† He brooded a few minutes, looking at the woman on the other side of the table and feeling that she might make this exile of his seem a little less like an exile. He thought of the other woman he had known a few years ago, but blocked it off with a determined effort. If he ever found another companion, it would have to be one who understood scholarship and what it demanded of a person. To get his mind onto a new track, he said, â€Å"Chetter Hummin told me that the University is in no way troubled by the government.† â€Å"He’s right.† Seldon shook his head. â€Å"That seems rather unbelievably forbearing of the Imperial government. The educational institutions on Helicon are by no means so independent of governmental pressures.† â€Å"Nor on Cinna. Nor on any Outworld, except perhaps for one or two of the largest. Trantor is another matter.† â€Å"Yes, but why?† â€Å"Because it’s the center of the Empire. The universities here have enormous prestige. Professionals are turned out by any university anywhere, but the administrators of the Empire-the high officials, the countless millions of people who represent the tentacles of Empire reaching into every corner of the Galaxy-are educated right here on Trantor.† â€Å"I’ve never seen the statistics-† began Seldon. â€Å"Take my word for it. It is important that the officials of the Empire have some common ground, some special feeling for the Empire. And they can’t all be native Trantorians or else the Outworlds would grow restless. For that reason, Trantor must attract millions of Outworlders for education here. It doesn’t matter where they come from or what their home accent or culture may be, as long as they pick up the Trantorian patina and identify themselves with a Trantorian educational background. That’s what holds the Empire together. The Outworlds are also less restive when a noticeable portion of the administrators who represent the Imperial government are their own people by birth and upbringing.† Seldon felt embarrassed again. This was something he had never given any thought to. He wondered if anyone could be a truly great mathematician if mathematics was all he knew. He said, â€Å"Is this common knowledge?† â€Å"I suppose it isn’t,† said Dors after some thought. â€Å"There’s so much knowledge to be had that specialists cling to their specialties as a shield against having to know anything about anything else. They avoid being drowned.† â€Å"Yet you know it.† â€Å"But that’s my specialty. I’m a historian who deals with the rise of Royal Trantor and this administrative technique was one of the ways in which Trantor spread its influence and managed the transition from Royal Trantor to Imperial Trantor.† Seldon said, almost as though muttering to himself, â€Å"How harmful overspecialization is. It cuts knowledge at a million points and leaves it bleeding.† Dors shrugged. â€Å"What can one do?-But you see, if Trantor is going to attract Outworlders to Trantorian universities, it has to give them something in return for uprooting themselves and going to a strange world with an incredibly artificial structure and unusual ways. I’ve been here two years and I’m still not used to it. I may never get used to it. But then, of course, I don’t intend to be an administrator, so I’m not forcing myself to be a Trantorian. â€Å"And what Trantor offers in exchange is not only the promise of a position with high status, considerable power, and money, of course, but also freedom. While students are having their-education, they are free to denounce the government, demonstrate against it peacefully, work out their own theories and points of view. They enjoy that and many come here so that they can experience the sensation of liberty.† â€Å"I imagine,† said Seldon, â€Å"that it helps relieve pressure as well. They work off all their resentments, enjoy all the smug self-satisfaction a young revolutionary would have, and by the time they take their place in the Imperial hierarchy, they are ready to settle down into conformity and obedience.† Dors nodded. â€Å"You may be right. In any case, the government, for all these reasons, carefully preserves the freedom of the universities. It’s not a matter of their being forbearing at all-only clever.† â€Å"And if you’re not going to be an administrator, Dors, what are you going to be?† â€Å"A historian. I’ll teach, put book-films of my own into the programming.† â€Å"Not much status, perhaps.† â€Å"Not much money, Hari, which is more important. As for status, that’s the sort of push and pull I’d just as soon avoid. I’ve seen many people with status, but I’m still looking for a happy one. Status won’t sit still under you; you have to continually fight to keep from sinking. Even Emperors manage to come to bad ends most of the time. Someday I may just go back to Cinna and be a professor.† â€Å"And a Trantorian education will give you status.† Dors laughed. â€Å"I suppose so, but on Cinna who would care? It’s a dull world, full of farms and with lots of cattle, both four-legged and two-legged.† â€Å"Won’t you find it dull after Trantor?† â€Å"Yes, that’s what I’m counting on. And if it gets too dull, I can always wangle a grant to go here or there to do a little historical research. That’s the advantage of my field.† â€Å"A mathematician, on the other hand,† said Seldon with a trace of bitterness at something that had never before bothered him, â€Å"is expected to sit at his computer and think. And speaking of computers-† He hesitated. Breakfast was done and it seemed to him more than likely she had some duties of her own to attend to. But she did not seem to be in any great hurry to leave. â€Å"Yes? Speaking of computers?† â€Å"Would I be able to get permission to use the history library?† Now it was she who hesitated. â€Å"I think that can be arranged. If you work on mathematics programming, you’ll probably be viewed as a quasi-member of the faculty and I could ask for you to be given permission. Only-â€Å" â€Å"Only?† â€Å"I don’t want to hurt your feelings, but you’re a mathematician and you say you know nothing about history. Would you know how to make use of a history library?† Seldon smiled. â€Å"I suppose you use computers very much like those in a mathematics library.† â€Å"We do, but the programming for each specialty has quirks of its own. You don’t know the standard reference book-films, the quick methods of winnowing and skipping. You may be able to find a hyperbolic interval in the dark†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"You mean hyperbolic integral,† interrupted Seldon softly. Dors ignored him. â€Å"But you probably won’t know how to get the terms of the Treaty of Poldark in less than a day and a half.† â€Å"I suppose I could learn.† â€Å"If†¦ if†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She looked a little troubled. â€Å"If you want to, I can make a suggestion. I give a week’s course-one hour each day, no credit-on library use. It’s for undergraduates. Would you feel it beneath your dignity to sit in on such a course-with undergraduates, I mean? It starts in three weeks.† â€Å"You could give me private lessons.† Seldon felt a little surprised at the suggestive tone that had entered his voice. She did not miss it. â€Å"I dare say I could, but I think you’d be better off with more formal instruction. We’ll be using the library, you understand, and at the end of the week you will be asked to locate information on particular items of historical interest. You will be competing with the other students all through and that will help you learn. Private tutoring will be far less efficient, I assure you. However, I understand the difficulty of competing with undergraduates. If you don’t do as well as they, you may feel humiliated. You must remember, though, that they have already studied elementary history and you, perhaps, may not have.† â€Å"I haven’t. No ‘may’ about it. But I won’t be afraid to compete and I won’t mind any humiliation that may come along-if I manage to learn the tricks of the historical reference trade.† It was clear to Seldon that he was beginning to like this young woman and that he was gladly seizing on the chance to be educated by her. He was also aware of the fact that he had reached a turning point in his mind. He had promised Hummin to attempt to work out a practical psychohistory, but that had been a promise of the mind and not the emotions. Now he was determined to seize psychohistory by the throat if he had to-in order to make it practical. That, perhaps, was the influence of Dors Venabili. Or had Hummin counted on that? Hummin, Seldon decided, might well be a most formidable person. 19. Cleon I had finished dinner, which, unfortunately, had been a formal state affair. It meant he had to spend time talking to various officials-not one of whom he knew or recognized-in set phrases designed to give each one his stroke and so activate his loyalty to the crown. It also meant that his food reached him but lukewarm and had cooled still further before he could eat it. There had to be some way of avoiding that. Eat first, perhaps, on his own or with one or two close intimates with whom he could relax and then attend a formal dinner at which he could merely be served an imported pear. He loved pears. But would that offend the guests who would take the Emperor’s refusal to eat with them as a studied insult. His wife, of course, was useless in this respect, for her presence would but further exacerbate his unhappiness. He had married her because she was a member of a powerful dissident family who could be expected to mute their dissidence as a result of the union, though Cleon devoutly hoped that she, at least, would not do so. He was perfectly content to have her live her own life in her own quarters except for the necessary efforts to initiate an heir, for, to tell the truth, he didn’t like her. And now that an heir had come, he could ignore her completely. He chewed at one of a handful of nuts he had pocketed from the table on leaving and said, â€Å"Demerzel!† â€Å"Sire?† Demerzel always appeared at once when Cleon called. Whether he hovered constantly in earshot at the door or he drew close because the instinct of subservience somehow alerted him to a possible call in a few minutes, he did appear and that, Cleon thought idly, was the important thing. Of course, there were those times when Demerzel had to be away on Imperial business. Cleon always hated those absences. They made him uneasy. â€Å"What happened to that mathematician? I forget his name.† Demerzel, who surely knew the man the Emperor had in mind, but who perhaps wanted to study how much the Emperor remembered, said, â€Å"What mathematician is it that you have in mind, Sire?† Cleon waved an impatient hand. â€Å"The fortune-teller. The one who came to see me.† â€Å"The one we sent for?† â€Å"Well, sent for, then. He did come to see me. You were going to take care of the matter, as I recall. Have you?† Demerzel cleared his throat. â€Å"Sire, I have tried to.† â€Å"Ah! That means you have failed, doesn’t it?† In a way, Cleon felt pleased. Demerzel was the only one of his Ministers who made no bones of failure. The others never admitted failure, and since failure was nevertheless common, it became difficult to correct. Perhaps Demerzel could afford to be more honest because he failed so rarely. If it weren’t for Demerzel, Cleon thought sadly, he might never know what honesty sounded like. Perhaps no Emperor ever knew and perhaps that was one of the reasons that the Empire- He pulled his thoughts away and, suddenly nettled at the other’s silence and wanting an admission, since he had just admired Demerzel’s honesty in his mind, said sharply, â€Å"Well, you have failed, haven’t you?† Demerzel did not flinch. â€Å"Sire, I have failed in part. I felt that to have him here on Trantor where things are-difficult might present us with problems. It was easy to consider that he might be more conveniently placed on his home planet. He was planning to return to that home planet the next day, but there was always the chance of complications-of his deciding to remain on Trantor-so I arranged to have two young alley men place him on his plane that very day.† â€Å"Do you know alley men, Demerzel?† Cleon was amused. â€Å"It is important, Sire, to be able to reach many kinds of people, for each type has its own variety of use-alley men not the least. As it happens, they did not succeed.† â€Å"And why was that?† â€Å"Oddly enough, Seldon was able to fight them off.† â€Å"The mathematician could fight?† â€Å"Apparently, mathematics and the martial arts are not necessarily mutually exclusive. I found out, not soon enough, that his world, Helicon, is noted for it-martial arts, not mathematics. The fact that I did not learn this earlier was indeed a failure, Sire, and I can only crave your pardon.† â€Å"But then, I suppose the mathematician left for his home planet the next day as he had planned.† â€Å"Unfortunately, the episode backfired. Taken aback by the event, he decided not to return to Helicon, but remained on Trantor. He may have been advised to this effect by a passerby who happened to be present on the occasion of the fight. That was another unlooked-for complication.† The Emperor Cleon frowned. â€Å"Then our mathematician-what is his name?† â€Å"Seldon, Sire. Hari Seldon.† â€Å"Then this Seldon is out of reach.† â€Å"In a sense, Sire. We have traced his movements and he is now at Streeling University. While there, he is untouchable.† The Emperor scowled and reddened slightly. â€Å"I am annoyed at that word-‘untouchable.’ There should be nowhere in the Empire my hand cannot reach. Yet here, on my own world, you tell me someone can be untouchable. Insufferable!† â€Å"Your hand can reach to the University, Sire. You can send in your army and pluck out this Seldon at any moment you desire. To do so, however, is†¦ undesirable.† â€Å"Why don’t you say ‘impractical,’ Demerzel. You sound like the mathematician speaking of his fortune-telling. It is possible, but impractical. I am an Emperor who finds everything possible, but very little practical. Remember, Demerzel, if reaching Seldon is not practical, reaching you is entirely so.† Eto Demerzel let this last comment pass. The â€Å"man behind the throne† knew his importance to the Emperor, he had heard such threats before. He waited in silence while the Emperor glowered. Drumming his fingers against the arm of his chair, Cleon asked,†¦ Well then, what good is this mathematician to us if he is at Streeling University?† â€Å"It may perhaps be possible, Sire, to snatch use out of adversity. At the University, he may decide to work on his psychohistory.† â€Å"Even though he insists it’s impractical?† â€Å"He may be wrong and he may find out that he is wrong. And if he finds out that he is wrong, we would find some way of getting him out of the University. It is even possible he would join us voluntarily under those circumstances.† The Emperor remained lost in thought for a while, then said, â€Å"And what if someone else plucks him out before we do?† â€Å"Who would want to do that, Sire?† asked Demerzel softy. â€Å"The Mayor of Wye, for one,† said Cleon, suddenly shouting. â€Å"He dreams still of taking over the Empire.† â€Å"Old age has drawn his fangs, Sire.† â€Å"Don’t you believe it, Demerzel.† â€Å"And we have no reason for supposing he has any interest in Seldon or even knows of him, Sire.† â€Å"Come on, Demerzel. If we heard of the paper, so could Wye. If we see the possible importance of Seldon, so could Wye.† â€Å"If that should happen,† said Demerzel, â€Å"or even if there should be a reasonable chance of its happening, then we would be justified in taking strong measures.† â€Å"How strong?† Demerzel said cautiously, â€Å"It might be argued that rather than have Seldon in Wye’s hands, we might prefer to have him in no one’s hands. To have him cease to exist, Sire.† â€Å"To have him killed, you mean,† said Cleon. â€Å"If you wish to put it that way, Sire,† said Demerzel. 20. Hari Seldon sat back in his chair in the alcove that had been assigned to him through Dors Venabili’s intervention. He was dissatisfied. As a matter of fact, although that was the expression he used in his mind, he knew that it was a gross underestimation of his feelings. He was not simply dissatisfied, he was furious-all the more so because he wasn’t sure what it was he was furious about. Was it about the histories? The writers and compilers of histories? The worlds and people that made the histories? Whatever the target of his fury, it didn’t really matter. What counted was that his notes were useless, his new knowledge was useless, everything was useless. He had been at the University now for almost six weeks. He had managed to find a computer outlet at the very start and with it had begun work-without instruction, but using the instincts he had developed over a number of years of mathematical labors. It had been slow and halting, but there was a certain pleas ure in gradually determining the routes by which he could get his questions answered. Then came the week of instruction with Dors, which had taught him several dozen shortcuts and had brought with it two sets of embarrassments. The first set included the sidelong glances he received from the undergraduates, who seemed contemptuously aware of his greater age and who were disposed to frown a bit at Dors’s constant use of the honorific â€Å"Doctor† in addressing him. â€Å"I don’t want them to think,† she said, â€Å"that you’re some backward perpetual student taking remedial history.† â€Å"But surely you’ve established the point. Surely, a mere ‘Seldon’ is sufficient now.† â€Å"No,† Dors said and smiled suddenly. â€Å"Besides, I like to call you ‘Dr. Seldon.’ I like the way you look uncomfortable each time.† â€Å"You have a peculiar sense of sadistic humor.† â€Å"Would you deprive me?† For some reason, that made him laugh. Surely, the natural reaction would have been to deny sadism. Somehow he found it pleasant that she accepted the ball of conversation and fired it back. The thought led to a natural question. â€Å"Do you play tennis here at the University?† â€Å"We have courts, but I don’t play.† â€Å"Good. I’ll teach you. And when I do, I’ll call you Professor Venabili.† â€Å"That’s what you call me in class anyway.† â€Å"You’ll be surprised how ridiculous it will sound on the tennis court.† â€Å"I may get to like it.† â€Å"In that case, I will try to find what else you might get to like.† â€Å"I see you have a peculiar sense of salacious humor.† She had put that ball in that spot deliberately and he said, â€Å"Would you deprive me?† She smiled and later did surprisingly well on the tennis court. â€Å"Are you sure you never played tennis?† he said, puffing, after one session. â€Å"Positive,† she said. The other set of embarrassments was more private. He learned the necessary techniques of historical research and then burned-in private-at his earlier attempts to make use of the computer’s memory. It was simply an entirely different mind-set from that used in mathematics. It was equally logical, he supposed, since it could be used, consistently and without error, to move in whatever direction he wanted to, but it was a substantially different brand of logic from that to which he was accustomed. But with or without instructions, whether he stumbled or moved in swiftly, he simply didn’t get any results. His annoyance made itself felt on the tennis court. Dors quickly reached the stage where it was no longer necessary to lob easy balls at her to give her time to judge direction and distance. That made it easy to forget that she was just a beginner and he expressed his anger in his swing, firing the ball back at her as though it were a laser beam made solid. She came trotting up to the net and said, â€Å"I can understand your wanting to kill me, since it must annoy you to watch me miss the shots so often. How is it, though, that you managed to miss my head by about three centimeters that time? I mean, you didn’t even nick me. Can’t you do better than that?† Seldon, horrified, tried to explain, but only managed to sound incoherent. She said, â€Å"Look. I’m not going to face any other returns of yours today, so why don’t we shower and then get together for some tea and whatever and you can tell me just what you were trying to kill. If it wasn’t my poor head and if you don’t get the real victim off your chest, you’ll be entirely too dangerous on the other side of the net for me to want to serve as a target.† Over tea he said, â€Å"Dors, I’ve scanned history after history; just scanned, browsed. I haven’t had time for deep study yet. Even so, it’s become obvious. All the book-films concentrate on the same few events.† â€Å"Crucial ones. History-making ones.† â€Å"That’s just an excuse. They’re copying each other. There are twenty-five million worlds out there and there’s significant mention of perhaps twenty-five.† Dors said, â€Å"You’re reading general Galactic histories only. Look up the special histories of some of the minor worlds. On every world, however small, the children are taught local histories before they ever find out there’s a great big Galaxy outside. Don’t you yourself know more about Helicon, right now, than you know about the rise of Trantor or of the Great Interstellar War?† â€Å"That sort of knowledge is limited too,† said Seldon gloomily. â€Å"I know Heliconian geography and the stories of its settlement and of the malfeasance and misfeasance of the planet Jennisek-that’s our traditional enemy, though our teachers carefully told us that we ought to say ‘traditional rival.’ But I never learned anything about the contributions of Helicon to general Galactic history.† â€Å"Maybe there weren’t any.† â€Å"Don’t be silly. Of course there were. There may not have been great, huge space battles involving Helicon or crucial rebellions or peace treaties. There may not have been some Imperial competitor making his base on Helicon. But there must have been subtle influences. Surely, nothing can happen anywhere without affecting everywhere else. Yet there’s nothing I can find to help me. See here, Dors. In mathematics, all can be found in the computer; everything we know or have found out in twenty thousand years. In history, that’s not so. Historians pick and choose and every one of them picks and chooses the same thing.† â€Å"But, Hari,† said Dors, â€Å"mathematics is an orderly thing of human invention. One thing follows from another. There are definitions and axioms, all of which are known. It is†¦ it is†¦ all one piece. History is different. It is the unconscious working out of the deeds and thoughts of quadrillions of human beings. Historians must pick and choose.† â€Å"Exactly,† said Seldon, â€Å"but I must know all of history if I am to work out the laws of psychohistory.† â€Å"In that case, you won’t ever formulate the laws of psychohistory.† That was yesterday. Now Seldon sat in his chair in his alcove, having spent another day of utter failure, and he could hear Dors’s voice saying, â€Å"In that case, you won’t ever formulate the laws of psychohistory.† It was what he had thought to begin with and if it hadn’t been for Hummin’s conviction to the contrary and his odd ability to fire Seldon with his own blaze of conviction, Seldon would have continued to think so. And yet neither could he quite let go. Might there not be some way out? He couldn’t think of any. How to cite Prelude to Foundation Chapter 4 Library, Essay examples

Essay About Edmunds Corrugated Parts Services Example For Students

Essay About Edmunds Corrugated Parts Services They simply was not as they had been in the past. In the past years Edmunds Corrugated Parts Service Company had seen earnings past the SIS million mark. And now the company is beginning to see clear signs that revenues were becoming stagnated. Mr.. Edmunds felt the company did very well up until now. He had employed around one hundred employees that was loyal and worked hard to get the job done. A majority of the workers were neighbors to Mr.. Edmunds and had been at the factory since opening but, they was getting ready to retire. Edmunds felt it would be hard to replace the hard-working, loyal employees which an issue. Although, Edmunds did not have any competition and the reputation for being dependable, giving above average and personalized service was still in tack yet, the increasing cost of steel, the changes in the box industry, the fact that a great deal of the IS. S_ plants that Edmunds served had closed or either taking business overseas, these issues had bought Larry Edmunds to a crossroad of what he should do to bring the company revenues back to oeuvre they use to be (Daft, R.. 2010). Create and Describe a Strategy for Addressing the Situation at hand The first implementation to address the situation at hand is to evaluate new opportunities in the marketin terms of acquisitions, new products or services, collaborations With Others, etc. The next thing would be to examine every technology the company employs and identify ways to reduce cost. Introduce new or improved technologies internally that Will improve the functioning Of the organization. Identify and adapt new technologies to better meet the needs of the customers. Determine what the unique strengths are and develop products that incorporate, or further incorporate these strengths. Establish clear job descriptions for every position and create a system whereby the responsibilities and authority of each position are clear to other people in the company, Conduct an analysis of major activities in the company (such as selling, orders taking etc. ) o identify ways to increase speed, reduce cost, eliminate unnecessary steps, and improve quality. Also, insure there are systems tort every activity. Determine whether the accompany can innovate any new systems that will further improve performance. Determine it there are systems successfully employed by other companies that could be used by Edmunds Corrugated parts Service Company. Determine if the company is exploring and taking advantage of every conceivable source of finance to make the business grow. While keeping expenditures within or below budgeted levels. Lastly, recruit people with a high level of energy and good health. Also, recruit people with the right type of personality to work well in the company and implement its values. While ensuring all employees are involved and encourage the employees to come forward With ideas and proposals to increase efficiency, improve communications, foster cooperation and promote harmony Within the company, and between the company and its customers and its vendors (OConnell, B, 2004). Assess Which Element in the Strategy you just Described Would be the Hardest to Implement and Explain why The element I think would be the most difficult to implement would be the recruiting of people with the right type personality that will work well with the company and Mr.. Edmunds. Because according to Daft, R.. 2010, Larry had stated replacing those skilled workers was going to be difficult, he realized from experience. Also Larry was familiar with most of the workers because they were neighbors. And, since the towns more educated and talented young prospects would probably leave the town in a desire to search for different types to employment. Therefore, in order to retain some of those young people to e employed at the company, which would probably make Mr.. .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df , .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df .postImageUrl , .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df , .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df:hover , .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df:visited , .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df:active { border:0!important; } .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df:active , .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u51588e52aabc37541235f2b0321f94df:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Judith Ortiz Cofer is a Puerto Rican whose writing often examines the conflict and the beauty of cultures mixing together EssayEdmunds feel a little more comfortable that new hires are from the neighborhood, the company would have to come up with a strategy that will allow that to happen (Daft, 2010). Describe what Strategies Edmunds Could use in the Future to Reduce Potential Crises Before they Happen One strategy Edmunds can use in the future to reduce potential crises before they happen is to develop a mission statement and let the statement reflect the mission of the company from this point on. According to Cero, S. 2006, a mission statement is a written document plopp ed by management, normally based on input by managers as well as managers, that describes and explains vat the mission of an organization actually is. It is very important for an organization to have a mission because it helps management increase the chance of a successful company (Cert., S. , 2006). Another strategy Edmunds could use is to perform a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SOOT) analysis on a regular basis. According to Cert., S.. 006 a SOOT analysis is a strategic development tool that matches internal organizational strengths and weaknesses with external opportunities and wreath. SOOT analysis is founded on the notion that if managers thoroughly review such strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, a beneficial strategy for ensuring organizational success will be obvious to them(Cert., S. , A third strategy Edmunds can perform is a critical question analysis. 2006), The critical question analysis ask four basic questions. The first question is, what are the purposes and objectives of the organization? The purpose for asking this question is to give managers a feel torah direction the company is headed. According to Cert., 2006 by answering this question during the strategy ruination process, managers are likely to remember this important point and thereby minimize inconsistencies among the organizations purpose, objectives, and strategies. The second question, where is the organization presently going?